Species lists

Flowering plants of Somalia: families Acanthaceae to Aristolochiaceae (501 species)

GBIF holds records of 3,065 species of broad-leaved flowering plants (dicots) from Somalia. This page lists the 501 species in the families Acanthaceae to Aristolochiaceae, in alphabetical order of family; legumes have their own page.

Last checked 2026-11-13 145 sources Reading time: 12 min

In short

On 12 November 2026 the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), the international open database of species records, held records of 501 flowering plant (families Acanthaceae to Aristolochiaceae) species with Somalia as the country, in 12 families (GBIF occurrence search, Somalia).

The largest families by number of species on record are (GBIF Backbone Taxonomy):

  • Acanthaceae: 182
  • Apocynaceae: 136
  • Amaranthaceae: 96
  • Anacardiaceae: 27
  • Apiaceae: 22
  • Aizoaceae: 16
  • Annonaceae: 10
  • Achariaceae: 4
  • Araliaceae: 3
  • Aristolochiaceae: 3

Most often recorded

The species with the most GBIF records from Somalia are Hypoestes forskaolii (116), White Veld Violet (110), Sericocomopsis pallida (93), Aerva javanica (87), Desert-Rose (81), Barleria argentea (78) (GBIF occurrence search, Somalia).

108 of the 501 species have a single record from Somalia (same source).

Named after Somali places

26 species on this list carry Somalia or a Somali place in their scientific name, for example Diplolophium somaliense, Tribulocarpus somalensis, Atriplex erigavoensis, Chionothrix somalensis, Halothamnus somalensis, Ceropegia migiurtina, Ceropegia somalensis, Ceropegia somalica, Ceropegia somalicoides, Cryptolepis migiurtina, Cryptolepis somaliensis, Cynanchum somaliense, Goydera somaliensis, Periploca somaliensis, Vincetoxicum somaliense, Barleria jubata, Barleria shebelleensis, Blepharis ogadenensis, Blepharis somaliensis, Crabbea migiurtina (GBIF Backbone Taxonomy).

Species under threat

The IUCN Red List places these species in a threatened category (GBIF species API, IUCN Red List category):

  • Endangered: Barleria longissima, Isoglossa congesta (IUCN via GBIF)
  • Vulnerable: Barleria jubata, Barleria punctata, Justicia brevipila, Rhinacanthus rotundifolius, Lannea malifolia, Lannea obovata (IUCN via GBIF)

All plant lists: Plants of Somalia.

How to read this list

A species is on this list when GBIF holds at least one record of it from Somalia. A record can be a museum specimen more than a century old, a sighting shared by an observer, or a specimen cited in a scientific paper. Some records are old and a few may be misidentified, so this is a list of records, not of what lives in Somalia today. Names follow the GBIF Backbone Taxonomy, which can lag behind the newest research.

Red List summary

  • Critically Endangered (CR): 0
  • Endangered (EN): 2
  • Vulnerable (VU): 6
  • Near Threatened (NT): 5
  • Least Concern (LC): 68
  • Data Deficient (DD): 2
  • Not Evaluated (NE): 418

Categories are from the IUCN Red List as published through GBIF (GBIF species API, IUCN Red List category).

Largest families

  • Acanthaceae: 182 species
  • Apocynaceae: 136 species
  • Amaranthaceae: 96 species
  • Anacardiaceae: 27 species
  • Apiaceae: 22 species
  • Aizoaceae: 16 species
  • Annonaceae: 10 species
  • Achariaceae: 4 species
  • Araliaceae: 3 species
  • Aristolochiaceae: 3 species

Full list (501 species)

Each name links to its Calankii page where one exists, otherwise to its GBIF species page. "Records in Somalia" is the number of GBIF occurrence records with Somalia as the country, counted on 12 November 2026 (GBIF occurrence search, Somalia). The same rows, with Wikidata ids and more columns, are in the open data file species-recorded-in-somalia.csv.

This list is in 4 parts: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4

Name Scientific name Family Red List Records in Somalia
Acanthus gaed Acanthus gaed Acanthaceae NE 10
Bear's Breeches Acanthus polystachyus Acanthaceae NE 1
Anisotes involucratus Anisotes involucratus Acanthaceae NE 32
Anisotes tanensis Anisotes tanensis Acanthaceae NE 5
Anisotes trisulcus Anisotes trisulcus Acanthaceae NE 30
Asystasia ansellioides Asystasia ansellioides Acanthaceae NE 1
Asystasia calcicola Asystasia calcicola Acanthaceae NE 4
Asystasia excellens Asystasia excellens Acanthaceae NE 18
Chinese violet, Coromandel, Creeping foxglove, Ganges primrose, Asystasia Asystasia gangetica Acanthaceae NE 25
Asystasia guttata Asystasia guttata Acanthaceae NE 28
African Coromandel Asystasia intrusa Acanthaceae NE 5
Asystasia intrusa Asystasia intrusa Acanthaceae NE 1
Asystasia mysurensis Asystasia mysurensis Acanthaceae NE 1
Asystasia riparia Asystasia riparia Acanthaceae NE 10
Gray Mangrove Avicennia marina Acanthaceae LC 19
baen Avicennia officinalis Acanthaceae LC 1
Barleria acanthoides Barleria acanthoides Acanthaceae NE 21
Barleria albomarginata Barleria albomarginata Acanthaceae NE 6
Barleria argentea Barleria argentea Acanthaceae NE 78
Barleria argentia Barleria argentia Acanthaceae NE 3
Barleria brevispina Barleria brevispina Acanthaceae NE 4
Barleria buxifolia Barleria buxifolia Acanthaceae NE 2
Barleria clinopodium Barleria clinopodium Acanthaceae NE 16
Barleria compacta Barleria compacta Acanthaceae NE 7
Barleria delamerei Barleria delamerei Acanthaceae NE 1
Barleria dentata Barleria dentata Acanthaceae NE 7
Barleria eranthemoides Barleria eranthemoides Acanthaceae LC 30
Barleria glandulifera Barleria glandulifera Acanthaceae NE 3
Barleria gracilispina Barleria gracilispina Acanthaceae NE 4
Barleria grandicalyx Barleria grandicalyx Acanthaceae NE 1
Barleria hildebrandtii Barleria hildebrandtii Acanthaceae NE 51
Barleria hochstetteri Barleria hochstetteri Acanthaceae NE 37
Barleria jubata Barleria jubata Acanthaceae VU 1
Barleria lanceata Barleria lanceata Acanthaceae NE 2
Barleria linearifolia Barleria linearifolia Acanthaceae NE 2
Barleria longissima Barleria longissima Acanthaceae EN 2
Barleria mucronifolia Barleria mucronifolia Acanthaceae NE 17
Barleria orbicularis Barleria orbicularis Acanthaceae NE 17
Barleria paolii Barleria paolii Acanthaceae NE 2
Barleria paolioides Barleria paolioides Acanthaceae LC 5
Barleria parviflora Barleria parviflora Acanthaceae NE 30
Barleria polhillii Barleria polhillii Acanthaceae LC 9
Porcupine Flower Barleria prionitis Acanthaceae NE 3
Barleria proxima Barleria proxima Acanthaceae NE 59
Barleria puccionii Barleria puccionii Acanthaceae NE 9
Barleria punctata Barleria punctata Acanthaceae VU 8
Barleria quadrispina Barleria quadrispina Acanthaceae NE 57
Barleria shebelleensis Barleria shebelleensis Acanthaceae NE 11
Barleria smithii Barleria smithii Acanthaceae NE 3
Barleria submollis Barleria submollis Acanthaceae NE 7
Barleria ventricosa Barleria ventricosa Acanthaceae NE 12
Blepharis boranensis Blepharis boranensis Acanthaceae NE 18
eyelash plant Blepharis ciliaris Acanthaceae NE 30
Blepharis diplodonta Blepharis diplodonta Acanthaceae NE 1
Blepharis edulis Blepharis edulis Acanthaceae NE 47
Blepharis eilensis Blepharis eilensis Acanthaceae NE 1
Blepharis forgiarinii Blepharis forgiarinii Acanthaceae NE 6
Blepharis glinus Blepharis glinus Acanthaceae NE 7
Blepharis hildebrandtii Blepharis hildebrandtii Acanthaceae NE 29
Blepharis linariifolia Blepharis linariifolia Acanthaceae NE 11
Surprise Packet Blepharis maderaspatensis Acanthaceae NE 18
Blepharis ogadenensis Blepharis ogadenensis Acanthaceae NE 3
Blepharis scandens Blepharis scandens Acanthaceae NE 6
Somali Lashes Blepharis somaliensis Acanthaceae NE 7
Blepharis spinescens Blepharis spinescens Acanthaceae NE 4
Blepharis tanae Blepharis tanae Acanthaceae NE 1
Blepharis thulinii Blepharis thulinii Acanthaceae NE 2
Blepharis trifida Blepharis trifida Acanthaceae NE 3
Crabbea albolutea Crabbea albolutea Acanthaceae NE 3
Crabbea migiurtina Crabbea migiurtina Acanthaceae NE 2
Crabbea thymifolia Crabbea thymifolia Acanthaceae NE 17
Velvet Pricklehead Crabbea velutina Acanthaceae NE 3
Crossandra arenicola Crossandra arenicola Acanthaceae NE 8
Crossandra baccarinii Crossandra baccarinii Acanthaceae NE 12
Crossandra horrida Crossandra horrida Acanthaceae NE 9
firecracker-flower Crossandra infundibuliformis Acanthaceae LC 36
Crossandra johanninae Crossandra johanninae Acanthaceae NE 1
Sabi Crossandra Crossandra mucronata Acanthaceae NE 19
Crossandra nilotica Crossandra nilotica Acanthaceae NE 6
Crossandra praecox Crossandra praecox Acanthaceae NE 3
Crossandra spinosa Crossandra spinosa Acanthaceae NE 19
Crossandra stenostachya Crossandra stenostachya Acanthaceae NE 2
Dicliptera paniculata Dicliptera paniculata Acanthaceae NE 19
Dicliptera suffruticosa Dicliptera suffruticosa Acanthaceae NE 5
Dicliptera verticillata Dicliptera verticillata Acanthaceae NE 2
Duosperma actinotrichum Duosperma actinotrichum Acanthaceae NE 1
Duosperma longicalyx Duosperma longicalyx Acanthaceae LC 28
Duosperma stoloniferum Duosperma stoloniferum Acanthaceae NE 1
Dyschoriste bayensis Dyschoriste bayensis Acanthaceae NE 3
Dyschoriste hildebrandtii Dyschoriste hildebrandtii Acanthaceae NE 6
Dyschoriste hildebrandtii Dyschoriste hildebrandtii Acanthaceae NE 2
Dyschoriste lycioides Dyschoriste lycioides Acanthaceae NE 18
Dyschoriste miskatensis Dyschoriste miskatensis Acanthaceae NE 8
Dyschoriste nummulifolia Dyschoriste nummulifolia Acanthaceae NE 2
Dyschoriste radicans Dyschoriste radicans Acanthaceae NE 5
Ecbolium amplexicaule Ecbolium amplexicaule Acanthaceae LC 1
Ecbolium barlerioides Ecbolium barlerioides Acanthaceae NE 6
Ecbolium gymnostachyum Ecbolium gymnostachyum Acanthaceae NE 10
ice crossandra Ecbolium ligustrinum Acanthaceae NE 1
Ecbolium subcordatum Ecbolium subcordatum Acanthaceae NE 1
Green shrimp plant Ecbolium viride Acanthaceae NE 52
Eranthemum suffruticosum Eranthemum suffruticosum Acanthaceae NE 1
hygrophila Hygrophila auriculata Acanthaceae LC 4
Hygrophila erecta Hygrophila erecta Acanthaceae NE 1
Hypoestes aristata Hypoestes aristata Acanthaceae LC 1
Hypoestes canescens Hypoestes canescens Acanthaceae NE 2
Hypoestes carnosula Hypoestes carnosula Acanthaceae NE 14
Hypoestes cinerea Hypoestes cinerea Acanthaceae NE 1
Hypoestes forskaolii Hypoestes forskaolii Acanthaceae NE 116
Hypoestes triflora Hypoestes triflora Acanthaceae NE 1
Ichthyostoma thulinii Ichthyostoma thulinii Acanthaceae NT 5
Isoglossa congesta Isoglossa congesta Acanthaceae EN 1
Isoglossa parvifolia Isoglossa parvifolia Acanthaceae NT 1
Isoglossa somalensis Isoglossa somalensis Acanthaceae NE 1
Justicia anagalloides Justicia anagalloides Acanthaceae NE 11
Justicia anisotoides Justicia anisotoides Acanthaceae NE 5
Justicia baravensis Justicia baravensis Acanthaceae NE 15
Justicia brevipila Justicia brevipila Acanthaceae VU 1
Justicia caerulea Justicia caerulea Acanthaceae NE 20
Justicia calyculata Justicia calyculata Acanthaceae NE 22
Justicia cordata Justicia cordata Acanthaceae NE 1
Justicia cufodontii Justicia cufodontii Acanthaceae NE 7
Justicia elliotii Justicia elliotii Acanthaceae NE 1
Justicia flava Justicia flava Acanthaceae NE 29
Justicia gesneriflora Justicia gesneriflora Acanthaceae NE 22
Justicia gesnerifolia Justicia gesnerifolia Acanthaceae NE 2
Justicia grisea Justicia grisea Acanthaceae NE 6
Justicia heterocarpa Justicia heterocarpa Acanthaceae NE 10
Justicia kucharii Justicia kucharii Acanthaceae NE 11
Justicia ladanoides Justicia ladanoides Acanthaceae NE 5
Justicia matammensis Justicia matammensis Acanthaceae NE 1
Justicia minutifolia Justicia minutifolia Acanthaceae NE 9
Justicia odora Justicia odora Acanthaceae NE 62
Justicia ornatopila Justicia ornatopila Acanthaceae NE 22
Justicia ovatifolia Justicia ovatifolia Acanthaceae NE 1
Justicia phillipsiae Justicia phillipsiae Acanthaceae NE 35
Justicia potamophila Justicia potamophila Acanthaceae NE 14
Justicia rendlei Justicia rendlei Acanthaceae NE 2
Justicia schimperiana Justicia schimperiana Acanthaceae NE 9
Justicia striata Justicia striata Acanthaceae NE 11
Justicia thiniophila Justicia thiniophila Acanthaceae NE 7
Lepidagathis calycina Lepidagathis calycina Acanthaceae NE 12

This list is in 4 parts: 1 · 2 · 3 · 4

Sources

Sources

  1. GBIF occurrence search, Somalia · gbif.org
  2. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy · doi.org
  3. GBIF species API, IUCN Red List category · techdocs.gbif.org
  4. Acanthus gaed · gbif.org
  5. Anisotes involucratus · gbif.org
  6. Anisotes tanensis · gbif.org
  7. Anisotes trisulcus · gbif.org
  8. Asystasia ansellioides · gbif.org
  9. Asystasia calcicola · gbif.org
  10. Asystasia excellens · gbif.org
  11. Chinese violet, Coromandel, Creeping foxglove, Ganges primrose, Asystasia · gbif.org
  12. Asystasia guttata · gbif.org
  13. African Coromandel · gbif.org
  14. Asystasia intrusa · gbif.org
  15. Asystasia mysurensis · gbif.org
  16. Asystasia riparia · gbif.org
  17. Gray Mangrove · gbif.org
  18. baen · gbif.org
  19. Barleria acanthoides · gbif.org
  20. Barleria albomarginata · gbif.org
  21. Barleria argentea · gbif.org
  22. Barleria argentia · gbif.org
  23. Barleria brevispina · gbif.org
  24. Barleria buxifolia · gbif.org
  25. Barleria clinopodium · gbif.org
  26. Barleria compacta · gbif.org
  27. Barleria delamerei · gbif.org
  28. Barleria dentata · gbif.org
  29. Barleria eranthemoides · gbif.org
  30. Barleria glandulifera · gbif.org
  31. Barleria gracilispina · gbif.org
  32. Barleria grandicalyx · gbif.org
  33. Barleria hildebrandtii · gbif.org
  34. Barleria hochstetteri · gbif.org
  35. Barleria jubata · gbif.org
  36. Barleria lanceata · gbif.org
  37. Barleria linearifolia · gbif.org
  38. Barleria longissima · gbif.org
  39. Barleria mucronifolia · gbif.org
  40. Barleria orbicularis · gbif.org
  41. Barleria paolii · gbif.org
  42. Barleria paolioides · gbif.org
  43. Barleria parviflora · gbif.org
  44. Barleria polhillii · gbif.org
  45. Porcupine Flower · gbif.org
  46. Barleria proxima · gbif.org
  47. Barleria puccionii · gbif.org
  48. Barleria punctata · gbif.org
  49. Barleria quadrispina · gbif.org
  50. Barleria shebelleensis · gbif.org
  51. Barleria smithii · gbif.org
  52. Barleria submollis · gbif.org
  53. Barleria ventricosa · gbif.org
  54. Blepharis boranensis · gbif.org
  55. eyelash plant · gbif.org
  56. Blepharis diplodonta · gbif.org
  57. Blepharis edulis · gbif.org
  58. Blepharis eilensis · gbif.org
  59. Blepharis forgiarinii · gbif.org
  60. Blepharis glinus · gbif.org
  61. Blepharis hildebrandtii · gbif.org
  62. Blepharis linariifolia · gbif.org
  63. Surprise Packet · gbif.org
  64. Blepharis ogadenensis · gbif.org
  65. Blepharis scandens · gbif.org
  66. Somali Lashes · gbif.org
  67. Blepharis spinescens · gbif.org
  68. Blepharis tanae · gbif.org
  69. Blepharis thulinii · gbif.org
  70. Blepharis trifida · gbif.org
  71. Crabbea albolutea · gbif.org
  72. Crabbea migiurtina · gbif.org
  73. Crabbea thymifolia · gbif.org
  74. Velvet Pricklehead · gbif.org
  75. Crossandra arenicola · gbif.org
  76. Crossandra baccarinii · gbif.org
  77. Crossandra horrida · gbif.org
  78. firecracker-flower · gbif.org
  79. Crossandra johanninae · gbif.org
  80. Sabi Crossandra · gbif.org
  81. Crossandra nilotica · gbif.org
  82. Crossandra praecox · gbif.org
  83. Crossandra spinosa · gbif.org
  84. Crossandra stenostachya · gbif.org
  85. Dicliptera paniculata · gbif.org
  86. Dicliptera suffruticosa · gbif.org
  87. Dicliptera verticillata · gbif.org
  88. Duosperma actinotrichum · gbif.org
  89. Duosperma longicalyx · gbif.org
  90. Duosperma stoloniferum · gbif.org
  91. Dyschoriste bayensis · gbif.org
  92. Dyschoriste hildebrandtii · gbif.org
  93. Dyschoriste hildebrandtii · gbif.org
  94. Dyschoriste lycioides · gbif.org
  95. Dyschoriste miskatensis · gbif.org
  96. Dyschoriste nummulifolia · gbif.org
  97. Dyschoriste radicans · gbif.org
  98. Ecbolium amplexicaule · gbif.org
  99. Ecbolium barlerioides · gbif.org
  100. Ecbolium gymnostachyum · gbif.org
  101. ice crossandra · gbif.org
  102. Ecbolium subcordatum · gbif.org
  103. Green shrimp plant · gbif.org
  104. Eranthemum suffruticosum · gbif.org
  105. hygrophila · gbif.org
  106. Hygrophila erecta · gbif.org
  107. Hypoestes aristata · gbif.org
  108. Hypoestes canescens · gbif.org
  109. Hypoestes carnosula · gbif.org
  110. Hypoestes cinerea · gbif.org
  111. Hypoestes forskaolii · gbif.org
  112. Hypoestes triflora · gbif.org
  113. Ichthyostoma thulinii · gbif.org
  114. Isoglossa congesta · gbif.org
  115. Isoglossa parvifolia · gbif.org
  116. Isoglossa somalensis · gbif.org
  117. Justicia anagalloides · gbif.org
  118. Justicia anisotoides · gbif.org
  119. Justicia baravensis · gbif.org
  120. Justicia brevipila · gbif.org
  121. Justicia caerulea · gbif.org
  122. Justicia calyculata · gbif.org
  123. Justicia cordata · gbif.org
  124. Justicia cufodontii · gbif.org
  125. Justicia elliotii · gbif.org
  126. Justicia flava · gbif.org
  127. Justicia gesneriflora · gbif.org
  128. Justicia gesnerifolia · gbif.org
  129. Justicia grisea · gbif.org
  130. Justicia heterocarpa · gbif.org
  131. Justicia kucharii · gbif.org
  132. Justicia ladanoides · gbif.org
  133. Justicia matammensis · gbif.org
  134. Justicia minutifolia · gbif.org
  135. Justicia odora · gbif.org
  136. Justicia ornatopila · gbif.org
  137. Justicia ovatifolia · gbif.org
  138. Justicia phillipsiae · gbif.org
  139. Justicia potamophila · gbif.org
  140. Justicia rendlei · gbif.org
  141. Justicia schimperiana · gbif.org
  142. Justicia striata · gbif.org
  143. Justicia thiniophila · gbif.org
  144. Lepidagathis calycina · gbif.org
  145. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species · iucnredlist.org

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