Species lists

Ferns, conifers, mosses and seaweeds of Somalia: 131 species

GBIF holds records of 131 plant species from Somalia outside the flowering plants: red and green seaweeds, ferns, mosses and liverworts, clubmosses, and conifers such as the African pencil cedar, Juniperus procera, of the northern mountains.

Last checked 2026-11-13 133 sources Reading time: 11 min

In short

On 12 November 2026 the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), the international open database of species records, held records of 131 non-flowering plant species with Somalia as the country, in 10 groups (GBIF occurrence search, Somalia).

The largest groups by number of species on record are (GBIF Backbone Taxonomy):

  • Florideophyceae: 39
  • Polypodiopsida: 28
  • Bryopsida: 23
  • Ulvophyceae: 21
  • Pinopsida: 9
  • Lycopodiopsida: 4
  • Jungermanniopsida: 3
  • Gnetopsida: 2
  • Charophyceae: 1
  • Marchantiopsida: 1

Most often recorded

The species with the most GBIF records from Somalia are African juniper (77), Maidenhair Fern (57), Selaginella yemensis (43), Oeosporangium coriaceum (40), Aleuritopteris scioana (33), Shrubby Horsetail (24) (GBIF occurrence search, Somalia).

64 of the 131 species have a single record from Somalia (same source).

Named after Somali places

5 species on this list carry Somalia or a Somali place in their scientific name, for example Fissidens somaliae, Barbula somaliae, Tortella somaliae, Riccia somaliensis, Ephedra somalensis (GBIF Backbone Taxonomy).

Species under threat

The IUCN Red List places these species in a threatened category (GBIF species API, IUCN Red List category):

All plant lists: Plants of Somalia.

How to read this list

A species is on this list when GBIF holds at least one record of it from Somalia. A record can be a museum specimen more than a century old, a sighting shared by an observer, or a specimen cited in a scientific paper. Some records are old and a few may be misidentified, so this is a list of records, not of what lives in Somalia today. Names follow the GBIF Backbone Taxonomy, which can lag behind the newest research.

Red List summary

  • Critically Endangered (CR): 0
  • Endangered (EN): 1
  • Vulnerable (VU): 1
  • Near Threatened (NT): 0
  • Least Concern (LC): 15
  • Data Deficient (DD): 0
  • Not Evaluated (NE): 114

Categories are from the IUCN Red List as published through GBIF (GBIF species API, IUCN Red List category).

Largest families

  • Pteridaceae: 16 species
  • Pottiaceae: 12 species
  • Rhodomelaceae: 7 species
  • Galaxauraceae: 5 species
  • Aspleniaceae: 5 species
  • Codiaceae: 4 species
  • Halimedaceae: 4 species
  • Cystocloniaceae: 4 species
  • Solieriaceae: 4 species
  • Cupressaceae: 4 species

Full list (131 species)

Each name links to its Calankii page where one exists, otherwise to its GBIF species page. "Records in Somalia" is the number of GBIF occurrence records with Somalia as the country, counted on 12 November 2026 (GBIF occurrence search, Somalia). The same rows, with Wikidata ids and more columns, are in the open data file species-recorded-in-somalia.csv.

Name Scientific name Family Red List Records in Somalia
Landlady's Wig Ahnfeltia plicata Ahnfeltiaceae NE 1
Anadyomene wrightii Anadyomene wrightii Anadyomenaceae NE 2
Norfolk Island Pine Araucaria heterophylla Araucariaceae VU 1
Egyptian Spleenwort Asplenium aethiopicum Aspleniaceae NE 21
Rustyback Asplenium ceterach Aspleniaceae NE 8
Mauritius spleenwort Asplenium daucifolium Aspleniaceae NE 1
Asplenium phillipsianum Asplenium phillipsianum Aspleniaceae NE 2
Asplenium stuhlmannii Asplenium stuhlmannii Aspleniaceae NE 2
Boodlea composita Boodlea composita Boodleaceae NE 1
palamocladium moss Palamocladium leskeoides Brachytheciaceae NE 6
Saw-blade Algae Caulerpa serrulata Caulerpaceae NE 1
Ceramium diaphanum Ceramium diaphanum Ceramiaceae NE 1
Corallophila cinnabarina Corallophila cinnabarina Ceramiaceae NE 1
Champia irregularis Champia irregularis Champiaceae NE 3
Chara zeylanica Chara zeylanica Characeae LC 4
Cladophora mauritiana Cladophora mauritiana Cladophoraceae NE 1
Cladophora vagabunda Cladophora vagabunda Cladophoraceae NE 3
Codium decorticatum Codium decorticatum Codiaceae NE 2
Codium dichotomum Codium dichotomum Codiaceae NE 1
Velvet Horn Codium tomentosum Codiaceae NE 1
Codium vermilara Codium vermilara Codiaceae NE 1
Jania cultrata Jania cultrata Corallinaceae NE 1
Arizona cypress Cupressus lusitanica Cupressaceae LC 5
Italian Cypress Cupressus sempervirens Cupressaceae LC 2
Juniperus excelsa Juniperus excelsa Cupressaceae NE 1
African juniper Juniperus procera Cupressaceae LC 77
Hypnea musciformis Hypnea musciformis Cystocloniaceae NE 8
Hypnea nidifica Hypnea nidifica Cystocloniaceae NE 9
Green Tips Hypnea spicifera Cystocloniaceae NE 8
Hypnea valentiae Hypnea valentiae Cystocloniaceae NE 1
Bracken Pteridium aquilinum Dennstaedtiaceae NE 1
Avrainvillea erecta Avrainvillea erecta Dichotomosiphonaceae NE 1
Avrainvillea lacerata Avrainvillea lacerata Dichotomosiphonaceae NE 1
Shrubby Horsetail Ephedra ciliata Ephedraceae LC 24
Somaliland Jointfir Ephedra somalensis Ephedraceae LC 13
Fissidens somaliae Fissidens somaliae Fissidentaceae NE 2
Common Cord-moss Funaria hygrometrica Funariaceae NE 1
Dichotomaria marginata Dichotomaria marginata Galaxauraceae NE 6
Galaxaura clavigera Galaxaura clavigera Galaxauraceae NE 2
Galaxaura rugosa Galaxaura rugosa Galaxauraceae NE 9
Tricleocarpa cylindrica Tricleocarpa cylindrica Galaxauraceae NE 1
Tricleocarpa fragilis Tricleocarpa fragilis Galaxauraceae NE 3
Gelidiella acerosa Gelidiella acerosa Gelidiellaceae NE 1
Gracilaria corticata Gracilaria corticata Gracilariaceae NE 12
Gracilaria isabellana Gracilaria isabellana Gracilariaceae NE 2
Dapple-mouthed Grimmia Grimmia tergestina Grimmiaceae NE 1
Sessile Grimmia Schistidium apocarpum Grimmiaceae NE 1
Halimeda cylindracea Halimeda cylindracea Halimedaceae NE 1
Large Leaf Watercress Algae Halimeda discoidea Halimedaceae NE 1
Watercress Algae Halimeda opuntia Halimedaceae NE 4
Stalked Lettuce Leaf Algae Halimeda tuna Halimedaceae NE 1
Carpopeltis maillardii Carpopeltis maillardii Halymeniaceae NE 1
Halymenia dilatata Halymenia dilatata Halymeniaceae NE 8
Halymenia durvillei Halymenia durvillei Halymeniaceae NE 1
Bird's-foot Wing-moss Nogopterium gracile Lembophyllaceae NE 1
Leucodon dracaenae Leucodon dracaenae Leucodontaceae NE 1
Yamadaella caenomyce Yamadaella caenomyce Liagoraceae NE 6
Fragile Coral Weed Amphiroa fragilissima Lithophyllaceae NE 1
Staghorn Clubmoss Palhinhaea cernua Lycopodiaceae NE 1
Metzgeria quadrifaria Metzgeria quadrifaria Metzgeriaceae NE 1
Alleniella remota Alleniella remota Neckeraceae NE 1
Prince-of-Wales Feather-moss Leptodon smithii Neckeraceae NE 2
Large Adderstongue Ophioglossum polyphyllum Ophioglossaceae NE 10
Netted Adderstongue Ophioglossum reticulatum Ophioglossaceae LC 1
Pseudolithothamnium album Pseudolithothamnium album Peyssonneliaceae NE 1
Aleppo Pine Pinus halepensis Pinaceae LC 1
Mexican Weeping Pine Pinus patula Pinaceae LC 1
Monterey Pine Pinus radiata Pinaceae EN 1
Plagiochila fusifera Plagiochila fusifera Plagiochilaceae NE 1
Plagiochila squamulosa Plagiochila squamulosa Plagiochilaceae NE 1
African fern-pine Afrocarpus gracilior Podocarpaceae LC 16
Lepisorus excavatus Lepisorus excavatus Polypodiaceae NE 1
Barbula somaliae Barbula somaliae Pottiaceae NE 2
Pointed Beard-moss Didymodon acutus Pottiaceae NE 1
Didymodon tophaceopsis Didymodon tophaceopsis Pottiaceae NE 2
Hydrogonium fontanum Hydrogonium fontanum Pottiaceae NE 1
Hymenostylium crassinervium Hymenostylium crassinervium Pottiaceae NE 1
Hymenostylium hildebrandtii Hymenostylium hildebrandtii Pottiaceae NE 3
Hook-beak Tufa-moss Hymenostylium recurvirostrum Pottiaceae NE 4
Sendtner's Molendoa Moss Molendoa sendtneriana Pottiaceae NE 8
pseudocrossidium moss Pseudocrossidium replicatum Pottiaceae NE 1
Fragile Tortula Moss Syntrichia fragilis Pottiaceae NE 2
Small Twisted Moss Tortella humilis Pottiaceae NE 9
Tortella somaliae Tortella somaliae Pottiaceae NE 3
Actiniopteris dimorpha Actiniopteris dimorpha Pteridaceae NE 2
Fan-Leaved Fern Actiniopteris radiata Pteridaceae NE 11
Actiniopteris semiflabellata Actiniopteris semiflabellata Pteridaceae NE 15
Adiantum balfourii Adiantum balfourii Pteridaceae NE 12
Maidenhair Fern Adiantum capillus-veneris Pteridaceae LC 57
Adiantum incisum Adiantum incisum Pteridaceae NE 1
Aleuritopteris farinosa Aleuritopteris farinosa Pteridaceae NE 1
Aleuritopteris scioana Aleuritopteris scioana Pteridaceae NE 33
Jersey Fern Anogramma leptophylla Pteridaceae NE 1
green cliffbrake Cheilanthes viridis Pteridaceae NE 2
Scaly Lip Fern Cosentinia vellea Pteridaceae NE 3
Oeosporangium coriaceum Oeosporangium coriaceum Pteridaceae NE 40
Onychium divaricatum Onychium divaricatum Pteridaceae NE 11
Pellaea calomelanos Pellaea calomelanos Pteridaceae NE 3
Pellaea longipilosa Pellaea longipilosa Pteridaceae NE 2
Ladder Brake, Ladder brake fern Pteris vittata Pteridaceae LC 10
Ptychomitrium indicum Ptychomitrium indicum Ptychomitriaceae NE 1
Amansia glomerata Amansia glomerata Rhodomelaceae NE 1
Amansia rhodantha Amansia rhodantha Rhodomelaceae NE 1
Chondria dasyphylla Chondria dasyphylla Rhodomelaceae NE 1
Leveillea jungermannioides Leveillea jungermannioides Rhodomelaceae NE 1
Lophocladia lallemandii Lophocladia lallemandii Rhodomelaceae NE 3
Melanothamnus polyphysus Melanothamnus polyphysus Rhodomelaceae NE 3
Palisada perforata Palisada perforata Rhodomelaceae NE 3
Red Sea Grapes Botryocladia pseudodichotoma Rhodymeniaceae NE 1
Riccia somaliensis Riccia somaliensis Ricciaceae NE 1
Azolla nilotica Azolla nilotica Salviniaceae LC 2
Mosquito Fern Azolla pinnata Salviniaceae LC 1
Sarcodia montagneana Sarcodia montagneana Sarcodiaceae NE 7
Schizymenia dubyi Schizymenia dubyi Schizymeniaceae NE 1
Sebdenia monardiana Sebdenia monardiana Sebdeniaceae NE 1
Selaginella bryopteris Selaginella bryopteris Selaginellaceae NE 6
Selaginella phillipsina Selaginella phillipsina Selaginellaceae NE 20
Selaginella yemensis Selaginella yemensis Selaginellaceae NE 43
Green Bubble Weed Dictyosphaeria cavernosa Siphonocladaceae NE 1
Algae Eucheuma denticulatum Solieriaceae NE 7
Eucheuma serra Eucheuma serra Solieriaceae NE 1
Meristotheca papulosa Meristotheca papulosa Solieriaceae NE 16
Sarconema filiforme Sarconema filiforme Solieriaceae NE 5
Splachnobryum aquaticum Splachnobryum aquaticum Splachnobryaceae NE 7
Spyridia hypnoides Spyridia hypnoides Spyridiaceae NE 1
Marsh Fern Thelypteris confluens Thelypteridaceae LC 1
Green Hair Algae Chlorodesmis fastigiata Udoteaceae NE 1
Sea Lettuce Ulva lactuca Ulvaceae NE 6
Ulva reticulata Ulva reticulata Ulvaceae NE 5
Sea Tube Valonia utricularis Valoniaceae NE 1

Sources

Sources

  1. GBIF occurrence search, Somalia · gbif.org
  2. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy · doi.org
  3. GBIF species API, IUCN Red List category · techdocs.gbif.org
  4. Anadyomene wrightii · gbif.org
  5. Norfolk Island Pine · gbif.org
  6. Egyptian Spleenwort · gbif.org
  7. Rustyback · gbif.org
  8. Mauritius spleenwort · gbif.org
  9. Asplenium phillipsianum · gbif.org
  10. Asplenium stuhlmannii · gbif.org
  11. Boodlea composita · gbif.org
  12. palamocladium moss · gbif.org
  13. Saw-blade Algae · gbif.org
  14. Ceramium diaphanum · gbif.org
  15. Corallophila cinnabarina · gbif.org
  16. Champia irregularis · gbif.org
  17. Chara zeylanica · gbif.org
  18. Cladophora mauritiana · gbif.org
  19. Cladophora vagabunda · gbif.org
  20. Codium decorticatum · gbif.org
  21. Codium dichotomum · gbif.org
  22. Velvet Horn · gbif.org
  23. Codium vermilara · gbif.org
  24. Jania cultrata · gbif.org
  25. Arizona cypress · gbif.org
  26. Italian Cypress · gbif.org
  27. Juniperus excelsa · gbif.org
  28. African juniper · gbif.org
  29. Hypnea musciformis · gbif.org
  30. Hypnea nidifica · gbif.org
  31. Green Tips · gbif.org
  32. Hypnea valentiae · gbif.org
  33. Bracken · gbif.org
  34. Avrainvillea erecta · gbif.org
  35. Avrainvillea lacerata · gbif.org
  36. Shrubby Horsetail · gbif.org
  37. Somaliland Jointfir · gbif.org
  38. Fissidens somaliae · gbif.org
  39. Common Cord-moss · gbif.org
  40. Dichotomaria marginata · gbif.org
  41. Galaxaura clavigera · gbif.org
  42. Galaxaura rugosa · gbif.org
  43. Tricleocarpa cylindrica · gbif.org
  44. Tricleocarpa fragilis · gbif.org
  45. Gelidiella acerosa · gbif.org
  46. Gracilaria corticata · gbif.org
  47. Gracilaria isabellana · gbif.org
  48. Dapple-mouthed Grimmia · gbif.org
  49. Sessile Grimmia · gbif.org
  50. Halimeda cylindracea · gbif.org
  51. Large Leaf Watercress Algae · gbif.org
  52. Watercress Algae · gbif.org
  53. Stalked Lettuce Leaf Algae · gbif.org
  54. Carpopeltis maillardii · gbif.org
  55. Halymenia dilatata · gbif.org
  56. Halymenia durvillei · gbif.org
  57. Bird's-foot Wing-moss · gbif.org
  58. Leucodon dracaenae · gbif.org
  59. Yamadaella caenomyce · gbif.org
  60. Fragile Coral Weed · gbif.org
  61. Staghorn Clubmoss · gbif.org
  62. Metzgeria quadrifaria · gbif.org
  63. Alleniella remota · gbif.org
  64. Prince-of-Wales Feather-moss · gbif.org
  65. Large Adderstongue · gbif.org
  66. Netted Adderstongue · gbif.org
  67. Pseudolithothamnium album · gbif.org
  68. Aleppo Pine · gbif.org
  69. Mexican Weeping Pine · gbif.org
  70. Monterey Pine · gbif.org
  71. Plagiochila fusifera · gbif.org
  72. Plagiochila squamulosa · gbif.org
  73. African fern-pine · gbif.org
  74. Lepisorus excavatus · gbif.org
  75. Barbula somaliae · gbif.org
  76. Pointed Beard-moss · gbif.org
  77. Didymodon tophaceopsis · gbif.org
  78. Hydrogonium fontanum · gbif.org
  79. Hymenostylium crassinervium · gbif.org
  80. Hymenostylium hildebrandtii · gbif.org
  81. Hook-beak Tufa-moss · gbif.org
  82. Sendtner's Molendoa Moss · gbif.org
  83. pseudocrossidium moss · gbif.org
  84. Fragile Tortula Moss · gbif.org
  85. Small Twisted Moss · gbif.org
  86. Tortella somaliae · gbif.org
  87. Actiniopteris dimorpha · gbif.org
  88. Fan-Leaved Fern · gbif.org
  89. Actiniopteris semiflabellata · gbif.org
  90. Adiantum balfourii · gbif.org
  91. Maidenhair Fern · gbif.org
  92. Adiantum incisum · gbif.org
  93. Aleuritopteris farinosa · gbif.org
  94. Aleuritopteris scioana · gbif.org
  95. Jersey Fern · gbif.org
  96. green cliffbrake · gbif.org
  97. Scaly Lip Fern · gbif.org
  98. Oeosporangium coriaceum · gbif.org
  99. Onychium divaricatum · gbif.org
  100. Pellaea calomelanos · gbif.org
  101. Pellaea longipilosa · gbif.org
  102. Ladder Brake, Ladder brake fern · gbif.org
  103. Ptychomitrium indicum · gbif.org
  104. Amansia glomerata · gbif.org
  105. Amansia rhodantha · gbif.org
  106. Chondria dasyphylla · gbif.org
  107. Leveillea jungermannioides · gbif.org
  108. Lophocladia lallemandii · gbif.org
  109. Melanothamnus polyphysus · gbif.org
  110. Palisada perforata · gbif.org
  111. Red Sea Grapes · gbif.org
  112. Riccia somaliensis · gbif.org
  113. Azolla nilotica · gbif.org
  114. Mosquito Fern · gbif.org
  115. Sarcodia montagneana · gbif.org
  116. Schizymenia dubyi · gbif.org
  117. Sebdenia monardiana · gbif.org
  118. Selaginella bryopteris · gbif.org
  119. Selaginella phillipsina · gbif.org
  120. Selaginella yemensis · gbif.org
  121. Green Bubble Weed · gbif.org
  122. Algae · gbif.org
  123. Eucheuma serra · gbif.org
  124. Meristotheca papulosa · gbif.org
  125. Sarconema filiforme · gbif.org
  126. Splachnobryum aquaticum · gbif.org
  127. Spyridia hypnoides · gbif.org
  128. Marsh Fern · gbif.org
  129. Green Hair Algae · gbif.org
  130. Sea Lettuce · gbif.org
  131. Ulva reticulata · gbif.org
  132. Sea Tube · gbif.org
  133. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species · iucnredlist.org

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