Lists of office-holders
Sultans of Ifat and Adal, 1197 to 1577
The Walashma dynasty ruled Ifat from about 1197 to 1403 and Adal from 1415 to 1559. After 1559 the emirs of Harar led Adal until Imam Muhammad Jasa moved the capital to Awsa in 1577. Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim led Adal's armies from 1527 to 1543. Many early reign dates are not known.
In short
Ifat and Adal were Muslim states of the Horn of Africa whose lands ran from Zeila on the coast inland toward Harar and Shewa. The Walashma dynasty's last ruler of Ifat, Sa'ad ad-Din II, was killed near Zeila about 1403; his sons returned from Yemen and founded the Adal sultanate in 1415. The reign dates below follow the Wikipedia articles on the Walashma dynasty and the Adal Sultanate, which rest on al-Maqrizi and later historians. (Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty, Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate)
Each row below gives the holder's name in English and Somali spelling, dates in office and the source for that row. Dates are from Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty, Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate; where sources give different dates, the note says so. How we source: How we check facts.
Sultans of Ifat (Walashma dynasty), about 1197 to 1403
| Name | In office | Note | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Umar Walasma (Umar Dunya-Hawaz) | 1197 to 1276 | founder of the dynasty | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Ali Baziyu | 1276 to 1299 | son of Umar | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Haqq ad-Din Umar | 13th century to 13th century | son of Umar; dates not known | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Husein Umar | 13th century to 13th century | son of Umar; dates not known | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Nasr ad-Din Umar | 13th century to 13th century | son of Umar; dates not known | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Mansur Ali | 13th century to 13th century | dates not known | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Jamal ad-Din Ali | 13th century to 13th century | dates not known | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Abud Jamal ad-Din | 13th century to 13th century | dates not known | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Zubayr Abud | 13th or 14th century to 14th century | dates not known | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Mati Layla Abud | 14th century to 14th century | daughter of Abud; dates not known | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Haqq ad-Din I | 14th century to 1328 | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty | |
| Sabr ad-Din I | 1328 to 1332 | defeated by Emperor Amda Seyon of Ethiopia | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Jamal ad-Din I | 1332 to 14th century | ruled as a vassal of Amda Seyon | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
| Nasr ad-Din Nahwi | 14th century to 14th century | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty | |
| Ali ibn Sabr ad-Din | 14th century to 14th century | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty | |
| Ahmad ibn Ali | 14th century to 14th century | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty | |
| Haqq ad-Din II | 14th century to 1374 | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty | |
| Sa'ad ad-Din II | 1374 to 1403 | killed about 1403 | Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty |
Sultans and emirs of Adal, 1415 to 1577
| Name | In office | Note | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sabr ad-Din II | 1415 to 1422 | son of Sa'ad ad-Din II | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Mansur ad-Din | 1422 to 1424 | son of Sa'ad ad-Din II | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Jamal ad-Din II | 1424 to 1433 | son of Sa'ad ad-Din II | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Shihab ad-Din Ahmad Badlay | 1433 to 1445 | son of Sa'ad ad-Din II | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Muhammad ibn Badlay | 1445 to 1472 | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate | |
| Shams ad-Din ibn Muhammad | 1472 to 1488 | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate | |
| Muhammad ibn Azhar ad-Din | 1488 to 1518 | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate | |
| Garad Abun Adashe | 1518 to 1525 | emir; the Walashma dynasty article gives 1519 to 1525 | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Mahfuz | 1518 to 1519 | listed in the Walashma dynasty article | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad | 1525 to 1526 | the Walashma dynasty article gives 1518 to 1526 | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Umar Din | 1526 to 1553 | sultan at Harar while Imam Ahmad led the state | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi (Axmed Ibraahim al-Gaasi (Axmed Gurey)) | 1527 to 1543 | Imam and leader of Adal's armies | Wikipedia, Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi |
| Ali ibn Umar Din | 1553 to 1555 | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate | |
| Barakat ibn Umar Din | 1555 to 1559 | last Walashma sultan | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Nur ibn Mujahid | 1559 to 1567 | Emir of Harar | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Uthman the Abyssinian | 1567 to 1569 | Emir | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Talha Abbas | 1569 to 1571 | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate | |
| Nasir ibn Uthman | 1571 to 1572 | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate | |
| Muhammad ibn Nasir | 1572 to 1576 | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate | |
| Mansur ibn Muhammad | 1576 to 1577 | Emir | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
| Muhammad Jasa | 1577 to 1583 | Imam; moved the capital to Awsa | Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate |
Related pages
Sources
We also publish every row of every office-holder list as one open data file: office-holders.csv.
Sources
- Wikipedia, Walashma dynasty · en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, Adal Sultanate · en.wikipedia.org
- Wikipedia, Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi · en.wikipedia.org
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