Bulshada
Xeerka Qoyska 1975 iyo toogashadii tobankii culimo
11 Janaayo 1975, Madaxweyne Siyaad Barre wuxuu ku dhawaaqay xeer qoys oo cusub oo dumarka iyo ragga ka siinayay saami siman dhaxalka. Culimo diineed ayaa 16 Janaayo ka hadlay minbarka masaajid Muqdisho ku yaal iyagoo ka soo horjeeda. Maxkamadda Badbaadada Qaranka ayaa toban ka mid ah ku xukuntay dil, waxaana la toogtay 23 Janaayo 1975 Akadeemiyada Booliska ee Muqdisho. Kuwo kale ayaa lagu xukumay 20 ilaa 30 sano oo xabsi ah.
Waxa dhacay, sida ay isugu xigaan
- 11 Janaayo 1975. Madaxweyne Maxamed Siyaad Barre wuxuu garoon ku yaal Muqdisho ka ku dhawaaqay Xeerka Qoyska. Qodobkiisa ugu caansan wuxuu wiilasha iyo gabdhaha ka siinayay saami siman hantida waalidkood (Cabdiraxmaan Cabdullaahi (Baadiyow), "Remembering Scholars of Islam Executed in 1975", WardheerNews, 16 Janaayo 2023). Baadiyow wuxuu qoray in tani ka hor imanaysay Qur'aanka, oo wiilka siiya laba jibbaarka saamiga gabadha (Qur'aan 4:11).
- 16 Janaayo 1975. Culimo ayaa xeerka ka dhaleeceeyay minbarka Masaajidka Sheekh Cabdulqaadir ee Muqdisho. Baadiyow wuxuu qoray in mudaaharaadka bilaabay Sheekh Axmed Sheekh Maxamed, faqiih ka yimid waqooyiga (isla ilaha). Daraasadda dalka ee Maktabadda Koongareeska Mareykanku waxay sheegtaa in 23 hoggaamiye diineed ay "ku dhex mudaaharaadeen masaajiddadooda" (Library of Congress, Somalia: A Country Study, 1992).
- 18 iyo 19 Janaayo 1975. Maxkamadda Badbaadada Qaranka ayaa xukuntay. Waxay toban ku xukuntay dil, lix 30 sano oo xabsi ah, 17-na 20 sano. Boqollaal kale oo u dhaqdhaqaaqayaal iyo taageerayaal ah ayaa la xiray (Baadiyow, WardheerNews).
- 23 Janaayo 1975. Tobanka waxaa lagu toogtay Akadeemiyada Booliska ee Muqdisho (isla ilaha; Hiiraan Online, "Today in history: ten sheikhs executed", Janaayo 2023).
Eedaymaha
Daraasadda Maktabadda Koongareesku waxay sheegtaa in lagu eedeeyay "inay u dhaqmeen sida awood shisheeye ku kicisay iyo inay jebiyeen badbaadada dowladda" (Library of Congress, 1992).
Yaa ahaa
Hiiraan Online waxay u taxday tobanka culimo ee la toogtay sidan (Hiiraan Online, "Today in history: ten sheikhs executed by Siad Barre gov't for opposing secular family law", Janaayo 2023):
- Sheekh Axmed Sheekh Maxamed Xaaji Cismaan (Walaaleeye)
- Sheekh Axmed Iimaan
- Sheekh Xasan Ciise Jiliby
- Sheekh Maxamed Siyaad Xirsi
- Sheekh Cali Jaamac Xirsi
- Sheekh Cali Xasan Warsame
- Sheekh Yaasiin Cilmi Cawil
- Sheekh Aadan Cali Xirsi
- Sheekh Suleymaan Jaamac Maxamed
- Sheekh Muuse Yuusuf
Higgaadda magacyadu way ku kala duwan tahay ilaha. Maqaalka Wikipedia ee Islaamka Soomaaliya wuxuu sidoo kale ku daray Sheekh Xasan Absiiye Diiriye kuwii la toogtay, magac aan ku jirin liiska Hiiraan (Islam in Somalia, Wikipedia).
Waxa dowladdu sheegtay
26 Febraayo 1975, Siyaad Barre wuxuu ardayda Xalane u sheegay in "go'aanku uu ahaa mid siyaasadeed, loona meel mariyay danta dadka". Wuxuu yiri "diinteenna waxaan ka xoreynay ceejinta sheydaanka", iyo in "qofkii sidaas u fakaraa uusan naga filan naxariis". Khudbadda waxaa 1977 daabacday Wasaaradda Warfaafinta iyo Hanuuninta Dadweynaha, buugga My Country and People: Speeches of Jaalle Siyad (Somali Archive, Faisal Ali, 15 Diseembar 2023). Isla qoraalku wuxuu soo xiganayaa sarkaal dowladeed, Gaashaanle Sare Axmed Suleymaan, oo New York Times u sheegay: "Ma ahayn sheekhyo ee waxay ahaayeen dambiilayaal, waxayna ugu baaqeen jihaad ka dhan ah dowladda."
Daraasadda Maktabadda Koongareesku waxay sharraxaysaa mowqifka guud ee dowladda: Siyaad Barre wuxuu sheegay in "hantiwadaagga cilmiga ku dhisan" uu waafaqsan yahay Qur'aanka, wuxuuna cambaareeyay diin la'aanta, laakiin wuxuu hoggaamiyayaasha diinta u sheegay inay ka fogaadaan siyaasadda iyo dhaqaalaha (Library of Congress, 1992; isla daraasadda).
Jawaabaha
- Hoggaamiyayaasha diinta intooda badani way aamuseen, dowladduna waxay sii waday koorsooyin hantiwadaagga cilmiga ah oo sheekhyada loogu talagalay (Library of Congress, 1992).
- Dhaqdhaqaaqyada Islaamka. Baadiyow, oo taariikhyahan ah hoggaamiyena ka ahaa dhaqdhaqaaqa Islaax, wuxuu qoray in toogashadu kordhisay naxdinta dadweynaha, taas oo ay sii xoojisay in laba diyaaradood oo MiG-17 ah ay maalintaas ku dul isku dhaceen Muqdisho (WardheerNews). Eeg dhaqdhaqaaqyada Islaamka 1950 wixii ka dambeeyay iyo tixdiisa PhD (Abdullahi, The Islamic Movement in Somalia, McGill University, 2011).
- 1990. Qiyaastii 60 Soomaali ah oo caan ah, oo isku magacaabay "Islamic Call", ayaa daabacay baaq ay Siyaad Barre ugu sheegeen inuu jebiyay sharciyada Islaamka, ugana baaqeen inuu iska casilo (Islam in Somalia, Wikipedia, oo soo xiganaysa Massoud, Shari'a, Inshallah, 2021).
Sida loo xusuusto
Warbaahinta Soomaalida sida Hiiraan Online iyo WardheerNews waxay xusaan sannad-guurada 23 Janaayo. Xeerka Qoyska qudhiisa waxaa Af-Soomaali ku daabacday maktabadda Refworld ee UNHCR (Sharciga ku saabsan Qoyska, 1975). Dastuurka 2012 wuxuu sheegayaa in sharci kasta uusan ka hor imaan karin mabaadi'da guud ee shareecada (Dastuurka Soomaaliya, Qodobka 2).
Sidoo kale eeg xilligii Siyaad Barre, 1969 ilaa 1991 iyo Siyaad Barre.
Ilaha
- Cabdiraxmaan Cabdullaahi (Baadiyow), "Remembering Scholars of Islam Executed in 1975", WardheerNews, 16 Janaayo 2023 · wardheernews.com
- Qur'aan 4:11 · quran.com
- Library of Congress, Somalia: A Country Study, 1992 · countrystudies.us
- Hiiraan Online, "Today in history: ten sheikhs executed", Janaayo 2023 · hiiraan.org
- Hiiraan Online, "Today in history: ten sheikhs executed by Siad Barre gov't for opposing secular family law", Janaayo 2023 · hiiraan.com
- Islam in Somalia, Wikipedia · en.wikipedia.org
- Somali Archive, Faisal Ali, 15 Diseembar 2023 · somaliarchive77.substack.com
- Library of Congress, 1992 · countrystudies.us
- Abdullahi, The Islamic Movement in Somalia, McGill University, 2011 · escholarship.mcgill.ca
- Sharciga ku saabsan Qoyska, 1975 · refworld.org
- Dastuurka Soomaaliya, Qodobka 2 · constituteproject.org