Osman Ali Atto (Cismaan Cali Caato)

In short

Osman Ali Atto was the main financier of Mohamed Farrah Aidid's movement and then one of its main rivals in Mogadishu. This page records his public role from the sources, without taking sides.

Aidid's financier

Wikipedia records that in the early 1990s he was a leading figure in the khat trade and Aidid's second in command, principal adviser and financier. In December 1992, at his urging, Aidid at first welcomed the US-led UNITAF force (Wikipedia, Osman Ali Atto, citing John Drysdale, 1994). He belongs to the Rer Hilowle lineage of the Saad, Habar Gidir, Hawiye (Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, 12 December 1997, via ecoi.net, citing Africa Confidential).

Capture, 1993

On 21 September 1993, during the UN intervention, US Task Force Ranger captured him near Digfer hospital in Mogadishu. He was held until January 1994. On 9 July 1994 he signed the Lower Juba peace agreement for the Somali National Alliance (Wikipedia, citing Scott Peterson, 2000).

The split with Aidid, 1995–1996

The Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, citing Africa Confidential, recorded that he and Aidid fell out, reportedly over setting up sharia courts (IRB, via ecoi.net). In April 1996 his 18-year-old son was shot during fighting between his forces and Aidid's (Wikipedia, citing the Buffalo News). When Aidid died in August 1996, the Associated Press reported that Aidid's faction held about half of south Mogadishu and "forces loyal to his former financier, Osman Hassan Ali, known as Atto" held the other half (Spokesman-Review, AP, 2 August 1996). Aidid's son Hussein Farrah Aidid blamed Atto for his father's death (IRB).

In the Transitional Federal Government

He became a member of parliament in the Transitional Federal Government and resigned as minister of public works and housing in July 2006 (Wikipedia, citing Al Jazeera). In June 2007 he accused Ethiopian forces of raiding his home; he was later kept under house arrest in Baidoa, and on 30 May 2008 insurgents briefly held him at a checkpoint at Lego (Wikipedia, citing Shabelle Media and Garowe Online). He died of natural causes at his home in Mogadishu on 5 August 2013 (Wikipedia). See Islamist movements and transitional governments, 2000–2012.

Sources differ

• Name. He is called Osman Ali Atto and also Osman Hassan Ali.
• Birth year. Given as 1940 or 1945.
• Aidid's death. Aidid died after being wounded in fighting with Atto's militia; reports differ on the exact date and on whether a heart attack was the immediate cause.

Read the primary sources yourself

• Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, response SOM28291.E (1997): document.
• Associated Press, "Somalia faction leader Aidid dies" (1996), via the Spokesman-Review: article.