# Raxanweyn (Digil iyo Mirifle)

> Qoyska qabiilka Raxanweyn (Digil iyo Mirifle): abtirsiinta, laamaha, meesha ay degaan, taariikhda iyo colaadaha, sida ay qoreen EUAA, Bangiga Adduunka iyo ACCORD.

Source page: https://calankii.com/so/society/rahanweyn/
Language: so
Translation of: https://calankii.com/en/society/rahanweyn/
Last checked: 2026-11-12
Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com)

## Magaca iyo abtirsiinta

Hay'adda Magangelyada ee Midowga Yurub (EUAA) waxay Raxanweyn ku tirisaa mid ka mid ah shanta qoys ee waaweyn ee qabiilada Soomaaliyeed. Kuwa kale waa Dir, Isaaq, Daarood iyo Hawiye ([EUAA, 2025](https://euaa.europa.eu/country-guidance-somalia/1-general-remarks)). ACLED wuxuu isticmaalaa isla shantaas ([ACLED, 2025](https://acleddata.com/methodology/how-somali-clan-actors-are-coded-acled-data)). Af-Soomaaliga caadiga ah waa Raxanweyn, af-Maayna waa Reewin.

Raxanweyn waxay ku abtirsadaan Saab, ee ma aha Samaale. EUAA waxay "Saab" u isticmaashaa magac qoyska Raxanweyn ama Digil-Mirifle ([EUAA, 2025, qaamuuska](https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2025_05_EUAA_COI_Report_Somalia_Country_Focus.pdf)). Warbixin ka timid Wasaaradda Arrimaha Gudaha ee Ingiriiska waxay Saab ku tilmaantay "farac kale oo la sheego inuu ka soo jeedo Nebi Muxammad". Waxay xustay in qabiilada Saab ay ku hadlaan af-Maay, oo "aad uga duwan" af-Maxaa ee qoysaska kale ([UK Home Office, 2019, oo soo xigtay EASO 2014](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2002542/Somalia_-_Clans_-_CPIN_V3.0e.pdf)).

Cilmi-baaraha I. M. Lewis wuxuu Raxanweyn ku tilmaamay "isku-darka beeralay hore iyo soogalooti dhowaan yimid oo mar ahaa reer guuraa ka yimid qabiilada kale" ([Wikipedia, kayd, oo soo xigtay Lewis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahanweyn)). Abtirsiino badan oo ka yimid qoysas kale ayaa wakhti ka dib ku biiray.

## Sida qoysku u habaysan yahay

ACCORD waxay qortay in qaab-dhismeedka Raxanweyn uu "aad uga duwan yahay" kan qoysaska reer guuraaga. Qabiiladoodu waxay ka kooban yihiin afar ilaa toddoba jilib oo magta wada bixiya. Magta waxay ku bixiyaan heer aad uga sarreeya abtirsiinta marka loo eego kooxaha xoolo-dhaqatada ([ACCORD, *Clans in Somalia*, 2009, b. 13](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1193130/90_1261130976_accord-report-clans-in-somaliarevised-edition-20091215.pdf)).

ACCORD waxay intaa ku dartay in "dhulkooda ay aqoonsigooda u muhiimsan tahay qabiilka". Odayaashoodu waxay yihiin kuwo "kala sarreyn badan oo si dhow ugu xiran tuulooyinka" (b. 13).

## Laamaha waaweyn

Qoysku wuxuu leeyahay laba qaybood, Digil iyo Mirifle. EASO waxay diiwaangelisay in Mirifle loo qaybiyo laba kooxood oo waaweyn, *Sagaal iyo Sideed* ([EASO 2021](https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2021_09_EASO_COI_Report_Somalia_Security_situation.pdf)).

Bangiga Adduunka wuxuu leeyahay "ma jiro heshiis cad oo ku saabsan qaab-dhismeedka qabiilada iyo laamaha". Wuxuu daabacay laba shax ([Bangiga Adduunka, 2005, Lifaaqa 2](https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/entities/publication/b2109b26-2d10-5ac6-85c2-dbfa820c5f6e)).

| Shax | Waxa ay muujiso |
|---|---|
| Koonfurta-dhexe (CRD) | Hal qoys, Raxanweyn. Digil: Geledi, Tunni, Garre, Jiiddo, Begedi iyo Shanta Caleemo. Mirifle: 17 laamood. |
| Puntland (PDRC) | Raxanweyn iyo Digil oo laba qoys oo kala gooni ah |

Liiska ACLED ee 2025 waxaa ku jira kooxahan ([ACLED, Sebtembar 2025](https://acleddata.com/system/files/2025-10/Somalia-clan-actor-old-to-new-list_16-September-2025.xlsx)):

- **Digil:** Begedi, Dabarre, Garre, Geledi, Jambaluul, Jiido, Jilible, Shanta Caleemo iyo Tunni.
- **Mirifle:** Eelay, Emid, Gabaweyn, Hadame, Xariin, Hubeer, Jiroon, Leysan, Luwaay, Macallin Weyne iyo Yantaar.

Laan kasta oo iluhu magacaabaan waxay ku jirtaa [geedka qabiilada](/so/society/somali-clan-tree/).

## Meesha ay degaan

Ma jiro tirakoob qabiil ahaan Soomaalida u tiriya. Maktabadda Koongareeska Maraykanka waxay Digil iyo Raxanweyn ku qiyaastay qiyaastii 20 boqolkiiba dadweynaha ([Library of Congress](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/37.htm)). ACCORD waxay qortay inay "noqon karaan ugu yaraan 25 ilaa 30 boqolkiiba" ([ACCORD 2009, b. 11](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/1193130/90_1261130976_accord-report-clans-in-somaliarevised-edition-20091215.pdf)). Meelaha hoose waxay ka yimaadeen EUAA, gobol gobol.

| Gobol | Waxa EUAA qortay |
|---|---|
| Baay | Inta badan Raxanweyn, Mirifle waqooyiga, Digil koonfurta. Baydhabo, Mirifle waa "qabiilka awoodda badan" ([EUAA 2025](https://www.euaa.europa.eu/coi/somalia/2025/security-situation/22-south-west/222-bay)). |
| Bakool | "Inta badan waxaa deggan kooxo Raxanweyn ah oo kala duwan" ([EUAA 2025](https://www.euaa.europa.eu/coi/somalia/2025/security-situation/22-south-west/221-bakool)). |
| Shabeellaha Hoose | "Tiro badan oo laamo Digil-Mirifle ah" ([EUAA 2025](https://euaa.europa.eu/coi/somalia/2025/security-situation/22-south-west/223-lower-shabelle)). |
| Gedo | Raxanweyn ayaa u badan miyiga bariga webiga ([EUAA 2025](https://www.euaa.europa.eu/coi/somalia/2025/security-situation/21-jubbaland/211-gedo)). |
| Jubbada Dhexe iyo Hoose | Qabiilo Digil iyo Mirifle ah oo bariga webiga ku nool Saakow iyo Bu'aale. Tunni-na koonfurta Jamaame ilaa Baraawe ([EASO 2021](https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2021_09_EASO_COI_Report_Somalia_Security_situation.pdf)). |

## Taariikhda la diiwaangeliyay

- **1695 ilaa 1900-meeyadii.** Saldanadda Geledi waxay ka talin jirtay Afgooye. Suldaannadeedu waxay ahaayeen Digil. Eeg [the Geledi Sultanate](/so/history/geledi-sultanate/).
- **1947 iyo wixii ka dambeeyay.** Xisbiga Hizbia Digil Mirifle wuxuu aqbalay dowladnimada Soomaaliyeed laakiin wuxuu doonayay nidaam federaal ah. Eeg [the nationalist era](/so/history/nationalist-era-1943-1960/).
- **1975.** Maktabadda Koongareeska waxay diiwaangelisay in Digil iyo Raxanweyn aanay xubin ku lahayn Supreme Revolutionary Council, oo 20 xubnood ahaa ([Library of Congress](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/24.htm)).
- **13 Oktoobar 1995.** Waxaa la aasaasay [Rahanweyn Resistance Army](/en/institutions/rahanweyn-resistance-army/) ka dib markii ciidamada Caydiid qabsadeen Baydhabo. Waxay qabsatay Baydhabo Juun 1999.
- **2002 iyo 2014.** Dowlad Koonfur Galbeed ayaa lagu dhawaaqay 2002. [Koonfur Galbeed](/so/states/south-west-state/) ta hadda jirta waxaa la dhisay 2014, Baydhabana waa caasimadda ay ka shaqeyso.

## Odayaasha iyo xeerka

Hoggaamiyeyaasha sare ee qabiilada Soomaaliyeed waxay leeyihiin magacyo sida *suldaan*, *ugaas* ama *issim*. Doorkoodu waa "inta badan garsoor iyo matalaad" ([UK Home Office, 2019](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2002542/Somalia_-_Clans_-_CPIN_V3.0e.pdf)). Odayaasha Raxanweyn waxay si dhow ugu xiran yihiin tuulooyinka, sida ACCORD kor ku xustay. Eeg [xeer, Somali customary law](/en/society/xeer-customary-law/).

Nidaamka 4.5 hoostiisa, Raxanweyn waxay leeyihiin 61 ka mid ah 275-ta kursi ee Golaha Shacabka. Eeg [Baarlamaanka Federaalka](/so/institutions/federal-parliament/).

## Colaadaha dhowaan la diiwaangeliyay

EUAA waxay taxday colaadaha qabiilada Abriil 2023 ilaa Maarso 2025, iyadoo isticmaashay xogta ACLED ([EUAA, 2025, qaybta 1.5.1](https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2025_05_EUAA_COI_Report_Somalia_Country_Focus.pdf)). Tusaalooyin ay ku jiraan kooxo Raxanweyn ah:

- Gelidle (Mirifle) iyo Dabarre (Digil), Diinsoor.
- Leysan (Mirifle) iyo ciidamada Koonfur Galbeed, Bardaale.
- Garre iyo Jiido, labaduba Digil, Qoryooley.
- Geledi (Digil), oo ay la jiraan Wacdaan, iyo Habar Gidir (Hawiye), Afgooye.
- Shanta Caleemo (Digil) iyo qabiilo Mirifle ah iyo Gaaljecel (Hawiye), Wanla Weyn.
- Gabaweyn iyo Macallin Weyne (labaduba Mirifle) oo dhinacyo kala duwan ka jiray Luuq, Gedo, iyo Gelidle iyo Mareexaan (Daarood) Baardheere.

Eeg [colaadaha qabiilada](/en/society/clan-conflicts/).

## Meesha iluhu ku kala duwan yihiin

- **Hal qoys mise laba.** Labada shax ee Bangiga Adduunka waxay ku kala duwan yihiin in Digil iyo Mirifle ay yihiin hal qoys. ACCORD waxay xustay in qaar ay Raxanweyn la mid ka dhigaan Digil iyo Mirifle.
- **Maqaamka.** Warbixinta Ingiriiska waxay leedahay qabiilada Saab "mararka qaar" waxaa loo arkaa kuwo ka hooseeya Samaale, laakiin "ma jirto takoorid nidaamsan". EUAA waxay qortay in Raxanweyn "aanay ahayn koox laga tiro badan yahay laakiin muddo dheer loola dhaqmay sidii muwaadiniin heer labaad ah". Waxay leedahay "aad bay u dhibaateeyeen" maleeshiyaad Hawiye iyo Daarood 1990-meeyadii. Waxay intaa ku dartay in tan iyo bartamihii 1990-meeyadii ay awood ku yeesheen koonfur-galbeedka Soomaaliya ([EUAA, 2025](https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2025_05_EUAA_COI_Report_Somalia_Country_Focus.pdf)).
- **Tirada.** Maktabadda Koongareeska iyo ACCORD waxay bixiyeen qiyaaso kala duwan, qiyaastii 20 boqolkiiba iyo 25 ilaa 30 boqolkiiba.

## Akhri wax badan

- [Geedka qabiilada Soomaaliyeed](/so/society/somali-clan-tree/)
- [Hawiye](/so/society/hawiye/)
- [Begedi (Bagadi), qabiil Digil ah](/so/society/begedi/)
- [Rahanweyn (Ingiriisi)](/so/society/rahanweyn/)
- [Somali language and its dialects (Ingiriisi)](/en/society/the-somali-language/)