# Islaamka Soomaaliya: caqiidada, dariiqooyinka suufiyada iyo diinta sharciga

> Islaamka Soomaaliya: Sunni iyo Shaafici, sida Islaamku u yimid, dariiqooyinka suufiyada (Qaadiriya, Axmadiya, Saalixiya), culimada waaweyn, iyo waxa dastuurku sheegayo.

Source page: https://calankii.com/so/society/islam-in-somalia/
Language: so
Translation of: https://calankii.com/en/society/islam-in-somalia/
Last checked: 2026-11-13
Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com)

## Yaa rumaysan maxay

In ka badan 99 boqolkiiba Soomaalidu waa muslimiin Sunni ah, sida ay sheegtay wasaaradda federaalka ee arrimaha diinta. Diimaha kale wadartoodu waa ka yar yihiin 1 boqolkiiba, oo ay ku jirto bulsho masiixi ah oo qiyaastii 1,000 qof ah ([Waaxda Arrimaha Dibadda Mareykanka, Warbixinta Xorriyadda Diinta 2023, ecoi.net](https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2111587.html)).

Soomaalida intooda badani waxay raacaan madhabka **Shaafici** ee fiqhiga iyo caqiidada **Ashcariga**, hab soo jiray jiilal badan. Tobanaankii sano ee u dambeeyay waxbarashada Salafiyadu sidoo kale way kortay ([Religion in Somalia, Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Somalia)).

## Sida Islaamku u yimid

Islaamku goor hore ayuu gaaray xeebta Soomaalida, isagoo ay qaadayeen ganacsato Carab iyo Faaris ah qarniyadii 7aad ilaa 10aad ([Religion in Somalia, Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Somalia)). Saylac oo ku taal Gacanka Cadmeed iyo Muqdisho oo ku taal Badweynta Hindiya waxay noqdeen xarumo ganacsi iyo waxbarasho muslim ah.

Muqdisho, **Masaajidka Fakhrudiin** wuxuu leeyahay qoraal taariikhdiisa dhigaya 1269, kuna magacaabaya Suldaan Fakhrudiin. Mixraabkiisa marmarka ah wuxuu ka yimid Hindiya ([Archnet: Masjid Fakhr al-Din](https://next.archnet.org/sites/3781); [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakhr_al-Din_Mosque)). Masaajidka Jaamacda Xamar Weyne ayaa laga yaabaa inuu ka da' weyn yahay, oo qaar u nisbeeyaan 1238 ([List of mosques in Somalia, Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Somalia)). Eeg [sida Islaamku u gaaray Soomaalida](/so/society/how-islam-reached-the-somalis/).

## Dariiqooyinka suufiyada (tariiqo)

Qarniyo badan, Islaamka Soomaalida waxaa lagu bari jiray walaalnimooyin suufi ah. Mid kastaa wuxuu lahaa macallimiin, degsiimooyin iyo gabayo ammaan ah oo u gaar ah.

- **Qaadiriya:** dariiqada ugu da'da weyn uguna baahsan Soomaaliya, oo loogu magac daray Sheekh Cabdulqaadir al-Jiilaani ee Baqdaad. Taariikhyahanka Soomaaliyeed Cabdiraxmaan Baadiyow ayaa sharraxaya sheekhyadeedii waaweynaa ee Banaadir ([Baadiyow, "The prominent Sheikhs of the Qadiriyya order in Banadir", WardheerNews](https://wardheernews.com/the-prominent-sheikhs-of-the-qadiriyya-order-in-banadir)).
- **Axmadiya:** waxaa Soomaaliya keenay Sheekh Cali Maye Durogba ee Marka; waa tan ugu yar saddexda dariiqo ee waaweyn ([Library of Congress, Somalia: A Country Study, 1992](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/47.htm)).
- **Saalixiya:** laan ka mid ah Axmadiyada oo uu Muxammad bin Saalix aasaasay 1887 ([Library of Congress, 1992](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/47.htm)). Waxay si xooggan uga soo horjeeday gumeysiga. Sayid Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan ayaa ku faafiyay waqooyiga, Sheekh Xasan Barsanena wuxuu hoggaamiyay iska caabbinteeda dooxada Shabeellaha ([Salihiyya, Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salihiyya); [Sheikh Hassan Barsane, Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheikh_Hassan_Barsane)).

Sheekh Uweys waxaa loo aaneeyaa aasaaska degsiimada beeraha ee Beled al-Amiin ("Magaalada Nabadda"), halkaas oo raacdayaashu ku wada beeran jireen kuna wada baran jireen ([Uways al-Barawi, Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uways_al-Barawi)). Cilmi-baaraha bulshada I. M. Lewis wuxuu bulshooyinkaas ku daraasay *Saints and Somalis: Popular Islam in a Clan-Based Society* (Red Sea Press, 1998). Eeg [dariiqooyinka suufiyada](/so/society/sufi-orders-in-somalia/).

## Culimada waaweyn

**Sheekh Uweys al-Baraawi (1847–1909).** Caalim reer Baraawe ah oo hoggaamiyay laan Qaadiriya ah, Uweysiyada, oo ku faaftay Bariga Afrika. Wuxuu gabayo diineed Af-Soomaali ku qoray xarfo Carabi ah. Wuxuu ku dhintay Biyooley 1909 ([Uways al-Barawi, Wikipedia, oo soo xiganaysa Bradford Martin 1993](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uways_al-Barawi)). Eeg [culimada iyo awliyada Soomaaliyeed](/so/society/somali-sufi-scholars-and-saints/).

## Diinta sharciga

Dastuurka Ku-meel-gaarka ah ee 2012 wuxuu leeyahay: "Islaamku waa diinta Dowladda." Sharci kasta ma ka hor imaan karo "mabaadi'da guud ee Shareecada" ([Dastuurka Soomaaliya, Qodobka 2](https://constituteproject.org/constitution/Somalia_2012?lang=en)). Wuxuu ilaaliyaa xaqa ku dhaqanka diinta, laakiin wuxuu mamnuucayaa faafinta diin kasta oo aan Islaam ahayn ([Waaxda Arrimaha Dibadda Mareykanka, ecoi.net](https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2111587.html)).

Caddaaladda maalinlaha ah, deegaannada intooda badani waxay isticmaalaan saddex nidaam oo dhinac socda: xeerka dhaqanka, shareecada iyo xeerka ciqaabta. Odayaashu inta badan waxay eegaan xeerka maxalliga ah ka hor shareecada ([isla warbixinta](https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2111587.html)). Eeg [xeerka, sharciga dhaqanka Soomaalida](/en/society/xeer-customary-law/).

Wasaaradda Awqaafta iyo Arrimaha Diintu waxay abaabushaa safarka xajka ee xujayda Soomaalida, waxayna nidaamisaa waxbarashada diinta ([isla warbixinta](https://www.ecoi.net/en/document/2111587.html)). Eeg [xajka Soomaaliya](/so/society/hajj-from-somalia/).

## Diinta nolosha maalinlaha ah

Carruurta Soomaalida intooda badani waxay ka bilaabaan dugsiga Qur'aanka (dugsi ama malcaamad). Waxay aayadaha ku qoraan loox, iyagoo isticmaalaya qalin ul ah. Waxay higgaadda Qur'aanka ku bartaan Af-Soomaali ([Geeska, the Somali Qur'an school](https://www.geeska.com/en/somali-quran-school); [Traditional education in Somalia, Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traditional_education_in_Somalia)). Wasaaradda Awqaaftu waxay bilowday tirakoob qaran oo dugsiyada Qur'aanka ah ([Eastleigh Voice](https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/quran%20schools/253036/somali-government-launches-nationwide-census-of-quranic-schools)). Eeg [dugsiyada Qur'aanka](/so/society/quran-schools-and-religious-learning/).

## Akhris dheeraad ah oo diinta ku saabsan

- [Maxay Soomaalida ugu dhowaad dhammaan u yihiin muslimiin](/so/society/why-somalis-are-almost-all-muslim/)
- [Awliyada, qabriyada iyo siyaarada](/so/society/saints-shrines-and-siyaaro/)
- [Kalandarka Islaamka](/so/society/islamic-calendar-in-somalia/) iyo [Ramadaanka iyo Ciidaha](/so/society/ramadan-and-eid-in-somalia/)
- [Sakada, sadaqada iyo waqfiga](/so/society/zakat-sadaqa-and-waqf-in-somalia/) iyo [diinta oo tirooyin ah](/so/society/religion-in-somalia-in-numbers/)
- [Xeerka Qoyska 1975](/so/society/family-law-1975-and-the-ten-scholars/), [dhaqdhaqaaqyada Islaamka 1950 wixii ka dambeeyay](/so/society/islamic-movements-in-somalia-since-1950/) iyo [masiixiyiinta iyo howlaha faafinta](/so/society/christians-and-missions-in-somalia/)
- [Wadaad, sheekh, macallin iyo xaaji](/so/society/wadaad-sheekh-and-xaaji-religious-roles/)
- [Mawliidka Soomaaliya](/so/society/mawlid-in-somalia/)
- [Masaajidda Soomaaliya](/so/society/mosques-in-somalia/)