# Xilligii Siyaad Barre, 1969–1991

> Laga bilaabo afgambigii 21 Oktoobar 1969 ilaa Janaayo 1991: qorista Af-Soomaaliga, ololihii akhris-qoraalka, xukunka xerada qoyska iyo jabhadaha hubaysan.

Source page: https://calankii.com/so/history/siad-barre-era-1969-1991/
Language: so
Translation of: https://calankii.com/en/history/siad-barre-era-1969-1991/
Last checked: 2026-11-12
Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com)

## Taxanaha dhacdooyinka

- **1969–Febraayo 1970.** Golaha Sare ee Kacaanka (SRC) wuxuu soo saaray Axdiga Koowaad ee Kacaanka; dastuurkii 1960 waa la buriyay (Febraayo 1970); Maxkamadaha Badbaadada Qaranka (1970). **Dhinacyada:** SRC; Siyaad Barre. Isha: [S8](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/22.htm)
- **Abriil 1970; Maajo 1971.** Shirqoolo la sheegay: Ku-xigeenka Madaxweynaha Qoorsheel waa la xiray (1970); Ku-xigeenka Madaxweynaha Caynaanshe iyo kuwo kale waa la toogtay shirqoolkii 1971 kadib, kaas oo Maktabadda Koongareesku ku xirtay xafiiltan iyo beelo saamayn lumiyay 1969 kadib. **Dhinacyada:** SRC; garabyo ciidan. Isha: [S9](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/23.htm)
- **21 Oktoobar 1970.** Soomaaliya waxaa lagu dhawaaqay dowlad hantiwadaag ah; "hantiwadaagga cilmiga ku dhisan" oo isku daraya Marxisnimada, isku-filnaanshaha iyo Islaamka. **Dhinacyada:** Siyaad Barre; SRC. Isha: [S10](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/24.htm); [S7](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/21.htm)
- **1970-meeyadii.** Siyaasad ka dhan ah qabyaaladda: qabyaaladda waa la cambaareeyay, gobolladii hore waxaa loo qaybiyay unugyo yaryar si loo daciifiyo shirarka beelaha, ilaa 140,000 reer guuraa ah ayaa la dejiyay; Hay'adda Nabadsugidda Qaranka (NSS, oo Soofiyeetigu abaabulay) iyo guddi faaf-reeb ah ayaa dhaqan geliyay. **Dhinacyada:** SRC; NSS. Isha: [S8](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/22.htm)
- **21 Oktoobar 1972 – 1 Janaayo 1973.** Far Laatiin ah ayaa loo qaatay Af-Soomaaliga, kana dhaqan gashay 1 Janaayo 1973; shaqaalaha dowladda waxaa la siiyay bilo ay wax ku bartaan. **Dhinacyada:** SRC; Guddiga Af-Soomaaliga. Isha: [S11](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/25.htm)
- **1973–1975.** Ololayaal akhris-qoraal ah oo magaalooyinka kadibna reer guuraaga (laga bilaabo Agoosto 1974, in ka badan 20,000 macallin); akhris-qoraalku wuxuu ahaa ilaa 5% 1972; qiyaasta QM 24% 1990. **Dhinacyada:** SRC; ardayda; macallimiinta. Isha: [S11](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/25.htm)
- **1973.** Sharci madani oo mideysan ayaa beddelay sharciyadii hore, wuxuuna xaddiday maxkamadaha shareecada. **Dhinacyada:** SRC. Isha: [S8](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/22.htm)
- **Bartamihii 1970-meeyadii.** Dowladda si aan rasmi ahayn waxaa loogu yeeri jiray "MOD" (Mareexaan, Ogaadeen, Dhulbahante); 1975 toban ka mid ah 20-ka xubnood ee SRC waxay ahaayeen Daarood, Digil iyo Mirifle (Raxanweyn)na midna kuma lahayn. **Dhinacyada:** Siyaad Barre; madaxa NSS Axmed Suleymaan Cabdalle. Isha: [S10](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/24.htm)
- **1 Luulyo 1976.** SRC waxay isu beddeshay Xisbiga Hantiwadaagga Kacaanka Soomaaliyeed (XHKS / SRSP), dowlad hal xisbi ah oo Barre uu xoghaye guud ka yahay. **Dhinacyada:** XHKS. Isha: [S12](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/26.htm)
- **1977–1978.** Dagaalkii Ogaadeenya ee Itoobiya; Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Kuuba waxay taageereen Itoobiya; Soomaaliya waa laga adkaaday; qaxooti badan oo soo galay ayaa Soomaaliya ka dhigay mid ku tiirsan gargaar. **Dhinacyada:** Soomaaliya; WSLF; Itoobiya; USSR; Kuuba. Isha: [S13](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/27.htm); [S20](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/65.htm)
- **Abriil 1978.** Isku day afgambi oo ay sameeyeen saraakiil inta badan Majeerteen ah; 17 ayaa la toogtay; Gaashaanle Sare Cabdullaahi Yuusuf Axmed wuxuu u qaxay Itoobiya oo aasaasay Jabhadda Badbaadinta Soomaaliyeed (markii dambe SSDF). **Dhinacyada:** saraakiisha Majeerteen; SSDF. Isha: [S15](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/29.htm); [S21](http://countrystudies.us/somalia/73.htm)
- **Maajo–Juun 1979.** Duub-Cas (Red Berets) waxay burburiyeen berkadaha biyaha ee ku hareeraysan Gaalkacyo; in ka badan 2,000 Cumar Maxamuud (Majeerteen) ah ayaa harraad u dhintay; xoolo badan ayaa le'day. **Dhinacyada:** Duub-Cas; Majeerteen. Isha: [S15](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/29.htm)
- **6 Abriil 1981.** Dhaqdhaqaaqa Waddaniga Soomaaliyeed (SNM) waxaa London ku aasaasay 400–500 qurbajoog Isaaq ah; laga bilaabo 1982 wuxuu fadhigiisu ahaa Itoobiya. **Dhinacyada:** SNM; qurbajoogta Isaaq. Isha: [S16](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/30.htm); [S21](http://countrystudies.us/somalia/73.htm)
- **Febraayo–Luulyo 1982.** Barre wuxuu booqday Mareykanka, wuxuuna sii daayay Cigaal iyo Cabdi Abshir; 7 Juun wuxuu xiray 17 siyaasi oo caan ah, taas oo ka fogeysay Isaaq, Majeerteen iyo Hawiye; mucaarad ay taageerayaan diyaaradaha Itoobiya ayaa qabsaday Balanbale iyo Galdogob; gargaarka Mareykanku wuxuu kor u kacay ilaa $80 milyan. **Dhinacyada:** Mareykanka; Itoobiya; SSDF. Isha: [S13](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/27.htm)
- **Diseembar 1984.** Heshiis lala galay Kenya oo lagu dayacay sheegashooyinka dhulka; WSLF waxay joojisay hawlgallada kadib kala qaybsanaan. **Dhinacyada:** Kenya; WSLF. Isha: [S13](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/27.htm)
- **1985.** Dhaqdhaqaaqa Waddaniga Soomaaliyeed ee SPM ayaa ka dhashay kala qaybsanaanta SSDF, salkiisuna wuxuu ahaa Ogaadeen (Daarood). **Dhinacyada:** SPM. Isha: [S21](http://countrystudies.us/somalia/73.htm)
- **Janaayo 1986.** Soomaaliya waxay ku biirtay IGADD; Barre wuxuu Jabuuti kula kulmay Mengistu. **Dhinacyada:** IGADD; Itoobiya. Isha: [S13](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/27.htm)
- **Maajo–Nofembar 1986.** Barre wuxuu ku dhaawacmay shil baabuur; loolan awoodeed oo u dhexeeya garabka "dastuuriga" (Ku-xigeenka Madaxweynaha Saamantar) iyo garabka qoyska (walaalkiis, wiilkiis iyo xaaskiisa hore); saraakiisha ciidanka waa la sifeeyay. **Dhinacyada:** qoyska Barre; Saamantar. Isha: [S14](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/28.htm)
- **1984–1987.** Gargaarka Mareykanku wuxuu ka dhacay $34 milyan ilaa $8.7 milyan; Koongareesku wuxuu jaray gargaarka xadgudubyada xuquuqda aadanaha darteed. **Dhinacyada:** Koongareeska Mareykanka. Isha: [S13](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/27.htm)
- **1988.** Heshiis nabadeed oo Itoobiya lala galay ayaa soo afjaray magangalyadii xadka ka gudba; SNM waxay soo gashay Soomaaliya, qabsatay Burco (27 Maajo) iyo qayb ka mid ah Hargeysa (31 Maajo); duqeymo dowladeed; in ka badan 300,000 Isaaq ah ayaa u qaxay Itoobiya; ilaa 5,000 Isaaq ah ayaa la dilay Maajo–Diseembar. **Dhinacyada:** SNM; ciidamada dowladda; Itoobiya. Isha: [S16](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/30.htm); [S20](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/65.htm); [S22](https://www.britannica.com/place/Somalia/Civil-war). Eeg [xasuuqii Isaaq 1987–1989](/so/history/isaaq-genocide-1987-1989/).
- **1989.** Golaha Midowga Soomaaliyeed (USC) waxaa aasaasay hoggaamiyeyaal Hawiye ah oo la shaqeeyay SNM. **Dhinacyada:** USC; Hawiye. Isha: [S21](http://countrystudies.us/somalia/73.htm)
- **Luulyo 1989.** Bishop Colombo waa la dilay (9 Luulyo); ilaa 450 bannaanbaxayaal ah ayaa Duub-Casku dileen (14 Luulyo); ilaa 47 nin oo inta badan Isaaq ah ayaa lagu toogtay xeebta Jasiira (15 Luulyo). **Dhinacyada:** Duub-Cas; Hawiye; Isaaq. Isha: [S17](http://countrystudies.us/somalia/31.htm)
- **1990.** Isbahaysiga Dimuqraadiga Soomaaliyeed (SDA, Gadabuursi) ayaa la aasaasay; saraakiil ciidan oo Ogaadeen ah ayaa u goostay SPM. **Dhinacyada:** SDA; SPM. Isha: [S21](http://countrystudies.us/somalia/73.htm)
- **Maajo–Luulyo 1990.** Kooxda Manifesto: 114 qof oo caan ah ayaa codsaday doorashooyin iyo xuquuqda aadanaha; 46 ayaa dil lagu xukumay kadib toogashadii garoonka 6 Luulyo (in ka badan 65 la dilay); eedeymaha waa laga daayay 13 Luulyo bannaanbaxyo kadib. **Dhinacyada:** Kooxda Manifesto; Barre. Isha: [S17](http://countrystudies.us/somalia/31.htm)
- **Diseembar 1990 – Janaayo 1991.** Dagaalyahannada USC waxay soo galeen Muqdisho; afar toddobaad oo dagaal ah oo lala galay Duub-Cas; Barre wuu cararay (Janaayo 1991); jabhadaha kale waxay diideen inay la shaqeeyaan USC. **Dhinacyada:** USC; SNM; SPM; SSDF; Duub-Cas. Isha: [S20](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/65.htm); [S22](https://www.britannica.com/place/Somalia/Civil-war)

## Waxa diiwaanku muujinayo

- **Beelaha iyo awoodda.** SRC waxay qabyaaladda ka dhigtay dambi, gobolladana way kala qaybisay ([S8](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/22.htm)). Maktabadda Koongareesku waxay sidoo kale diiwaangelisay in xerada gudaha ee dowladda ay ka kala yimaadeen saddex beelood, Mareexaan, Ogaadeen iyo Dhulbahante ([S10](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/24.htm)), iyo in beelaha loo malaynayay inay taageerayaan iska-caabinta hubaysan si wadajir ah loo ciqaabay ([S15](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/29.htm), [S16](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/30.htm), [S17](http://countrystudies.us/somalia/31.htm)). 1991 qabiil-qoys kasta oo waaweyn wuxuu lahaa jabhad hubaysan ([S21](http://countrystudies.us/somalia/73.htm)).
- **Farta.** Farta Laatiinka ee Af-Soomaaliga waxaa la qaatay laga bilaabo 1 Janaayo 1973, waxaana xigay ololayaal akhris-qoraal qaran ah ([S11](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/25.htm)). Eeg [Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Soomaaliya](/so/history/somali-democratic-republic-1969-1991/).
- **Taageerada shisheeye.** Soomaaliya waxaa taageerayay Midowga Soofiyeeti ilaa 1977, Mareykankana intaas kadib; gargaarka Mareykanku wuxuu ka dhacay US$34 milyan 1984 ilaa US$8.7 milyan 1987 ([S3](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/17.htm), [S13](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/27.htm)).
- **Dhicitaanka kadib.** Maktabadda Koongareesku waxay diiwaangelisay in jabhadaha kale ay diideen inay la shaqeeyaan USC markii Siyaad Barre dhacay ([S20](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/65.htm)). Maajo 1990, 114 qof oo caan ah ayaa saxiixay manifesto ku baaqaya in dowladdu is casisho ([Library of Congress](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/66.htm)).