# Kabab iyo magaalooyinkii qarniyadii dhexe ee gobolka Gabiley, qiyaastii 1400–1600

> Goobaha qarniyadii dhexe ee u dhexeeya Boorama iyo Hargeysa: Kabab, Beeyo Dhaadheer, Gogeysa, Cad Cad, Dhagax La Galay iyo kuwo kale, sida ay muujiyeen sahamadii 2018 iyo 2024: baaxaddooda, qabuurahooda, waxyaabaha laga helay iyo taariikhahooda.

Source page: https://calankii.com/so/history/medieval-towns-of-gebiley-and-kabab/
Language: so
Translation of: https://calankii.com/en/history/medieval-towns-of-gebiley-and-kabab/
Last checked: 2026-11-12
Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com)

## Kooban

Dhulka buuraleyda ah ee u dhexeeya [Boorama (Borama)](/so/regions/awdal/) iyo [Hargeysa (Hargeisa)](/so/regions/woqooyi-galbeed/) waxaa ku yaal degaanno badan oo qarniyadii dhexe ah oo burburay. Waxaa markii ugu horreysay liis gareeyay A. T. Curle, oo ahaa ku-xigeen qunsul Ingiriis ah, 1937, waxaana booqday shaqaale ka tirsan Akademiyada Cilmiga Soomaalida bartamihii 1980-aadkii. Cilmi-baaristu way joogsatay ilaa ay soo laabatay koox Isbaanish ah oo ka timid Machadka Cilmiga Hiddaha (Incipit-CSIC). Boggani wuxuu raacayaa laba warbixin oo gaagaaban:

- [Rouco Collazo, "A medieval town in Western Somaliland: Kabab", *Nyame Akuma* 102, 2024, bogagga 68–75](http://hdl.handle.net/10261/377788), si furan loo heli karo.
- [Allamagen, de Torres Rodríguez iyo kuwa kale, "The medieval occupation of the Gebiley region: Documenting the archaeology of Central Somaliland", *Nyame Akuma* 104, 2025, bogagga 47–54](http://hdl.handle.net/10261/415503), si furan loo heli karo. Qoraageeda koowaad wuxuu ka tirsan yahay Matxafka Qaranka ee [Soomaaliland](/so/states/somaliland-1991-to-2026/).

Midkoodna lama qodin, sidaas darteed taariikhaha oo dhan waxaa laga soo qaatay alaab dusha sare laga soo ururiyay. Sawirka guud, eeg [Magaalooyinkii burburay ee gudaha Soomaalida](/so/history/ruined-towns-of-the-somali-interior/).

## Kabab

Kabab waxay 44 km bari ka xigtaa Boorama, 60 km waqooyi-galbeed ka xigtaa Hargeysa, waxayna ku taal bannaan yar oo qiyaastii 1,520 mitir ka sarreeya heerka badda. Curle wuxuu xusay oo keliya "qiyaastii labaatan guri" (tarjumaad). Kooxda Incipit ayaa khariidad u samaysay 2018 (Rouco 2024, bogagga 68–69).

- **Baaxadda.** Goobtu waxay ku fidsan tahay qiyaastii 20 hektar, guryuhuna waxay ku kala firidhsan yihiin 14 hektar, iyagoo aan lahayn kooxo cad. Qiyaastii 90 dhismo ayaa la diiwaangeliyay, taasoo Rouco ku tilmaamay "ka weyn sidii A.T. Curle tilmaamay" (tarjumaad), qiyaastiina badh ka ah magaalooyinka uu Curle ugu yeeray kuwa ugu muhiimsan, sida Abasa (bogga 70). Eeg [Abasa](/so/history/abasa-darbiyah-kola-medieval-town/).
- **Guryaha.** Waa leydi, waxay leeyihiin laba ama saddex qol iyo malaha daarad leh xayn dhagax oo gaaban, waxaana lagu dhisay dhagax ciid ah (sandstone) oo deegaanka laga keenay, iyadoo aan dhoobo lagu xirin (bogga 70).
- **Masjid suurtagal ah.** Hal dhismo oo xarunta ku yaal oo si wanaagsan loo dhisay ayaa laga yaabaa inuu masjid ahaa, laakiin mixraab kama hadhin, sidaas darteed Rouco masjid kuma tiriyo (bogga 71).
- **Xayndaabka ukunta u eg.** Dhinaca koonfureed, oo ah meesha ugu sarreysa, waxaa taagan xayndaab dhagax ah oo ballaadhkiisu qiyaastii 67 mitir yahay, leh ugu yaraan hal albaab oo cidhiidhi ah, kuna jiraan afar dhismo. Rouco wuxuu xusay in degaannada gudaha ee xilligan guud ahaan aysan derbi lahayn, wuxuuna soo jeediyay "hawl difaac ama wax la mid ah" (tarjumaad) (bogga 71).
- **Qabuuraha.** Laba xabaalood ayaa ku yaal cidhifka waqooyi, oo leh qiyaastii soddon qabri oo muuqda. Intooda badan waa qabuuro sanduuq ah (cist) oo ka samaysan dhagxaan fidsan oo taagan, qaarkood waa lammaane, qaarna waa kuwo yaryar oo carruur ku filan, waxaana loo dhigay bari ilaa galbeed si madaxu Makka ugu jeedo (bogga 71). Eeg [Laga soo bilaabo taallooyinka dhagaxa ilaa xabaalaha](/so/history/medieval-muslim-graves-cairns-to-cemeteries/).
- **Waxyaabaha la helay.** Dheriga oo dhan wuxuu ahaa mid deegaanka gacan lagu sameeyay. Waxa keliya ee dibadda laga keenay waxay ahaayeen alleyl (cowrie); lama helin dheri dibadda ka yimid, weelal dhagax jilicsan ah, kuul muraayad ah ama jijimo, taasoo Rouco ku tilmaamay "wax la yaab leh" (tarjumaad) (bogagga 72–73).

Rouco wuxuu bixiyay taariikh aan go'aansanayn oo ah qarnigii 15-aad ilaa dhammaadkii qarnigii 16-aad, wuxuuna Kabab ku daray degaannadii gudaha ee saldanaddii Barr Saacadiin (Barr Sa'd al-Din), ama Cadal (Adal). Wuxuu soo jeediyay in la'aanta alaab dibadda laga keenay ay muujin karto in ay "aan lagu darin heer la mid ah magaalooyinka kale" (tarjumaad) ee shabakadaha ganacsiga (bogga 73).

## Sahankii Gabiley ee 2024

Oktoobar 2024 Matxafka Qaranka ee Soomaaliland iyo mashruuca StateHorn waxay saddex maalmood ku diiwaangeliyeen siddeed goob oo ku yaal deegaanka Gabiley (Gebiley). Afar ka mid ah waxaa laga yaqaanay Curle, afarna waxay ahaayeen kuwo cusub (Allamagen iyo kuwa kale 2025, bogagga 47–48, shaxda 1):

| Goobta | Nooca | Baaxadda | Dhismayaasha |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beeyo Dhaadheer | Magaalo | 25 ha | qiyaastii 180 |
| Gogeysa | Tuulo | 5 ha | qiyaastii 55 |
| Cad Cad | Tuulo | 4 ha | qiyaastii 60 |
| Dhabi Oomane | Tuulo | 3 ha | qiyaastii 15 |
| Musa Hassan | Tuulo | 1.5 ha | qiyaastii 25 |
| Dhagax La Galay | Tuulo yar | 0.25 ha | qiyaastii 12 |
| Geri Go'an | Guryo go'doonsan | 0.15 ha | 3 |
| Satiile | Jajab dheri oo firidhsan | 0.01 ha | midna |

Qorayaashu goobaha waxay ku tilmaameen kuwo isu eg: waxay ku yaalaan cagaha buuraha, meel u dhow durdurrada, waxay leeyihiin guryo afar-gees ah ama leydi ah oo kala firidhsan "iyadoo aan wax caddayn ah oo qorshayn ah jirin" (tarjumaad), iyo jallaatooyin dhagax ah oo ku yaal jiirarka qallafsan (bogga 47).

- **Beeyo Dhaadheer** waxay qiyaastii 1 km ku teedsan tahay webiga Dibra Wein. Masjid suurtagal ah ayaa u dhow bartamaheeda. Qorayaashu waxay ugu yeereen "goob weyn oo ku taal bartamaha Soomaaliland" (tarjumaad), oo isku xirta webiga iyo marinka u gudba bannaanka Gabiley (bogga 49).
- **Gogeysa**, oo Curle ugu yeeray magaalo weyn, waxay noqotay tuulo dhexdhexaad ah. Waxay ku taal dhul beereed siman, waxayna ahayd meesha keliya ee sahanka laga helay dheri dibadda laga keenay, oo ay ku jiraan laba jajab oo dhoobo-dhalaal (porcelain) Shiinees ah oo buluug iyo cad ah, kana yimid qarnigii 16-aad ama ka dib (bogagga 49, 52).
- **Cad Cad** waxay u dhow tahay qalcadda yar ee qarniyadii dhexe ee Derbiga Cad. Qorayaashu waxay soo jeediyeen in labadan goobood oo is ag yaal ay muujin karaan in xukunka deegaanka lagu muransanaa, ha ahaato dagaalladii Masiixiyiinta iyo Muslimiinta ee qarniyadii 14-aad–16-aad ama inta u dhexeysay reer guuraaga iyo dadka degan (bogga 49).
- **Dhagax La Galay** waxay leedahay xabaal derbi lagu wareejiyay oo ku dhow badh hektar. Qabuurihii sanduuqa ahaa ee qarniyadii dhexe mararka qaarkood waxaa lagu buuxiyay dhagax quartz cad ah, dushoodana waxaa ku yaal qabuuro tuulmooyin dhagax ah oo dambe oo leh tiirar dhagax ah (stelae) (bogga 50).

## Waxa waxyaabaha la helay u muujinayaan qorayaasha

Waxyaabaha la helay intooda badan waxay ahaayeen dheri deegaanka gacan lagu sameeyay iyo qalab dhagax ah. Qorayaashu dhagxaanta wax lagu shiido iyo kuwa gacanta waxay u akhriyeen calaamado beerashada. Alaabta dibadda laga keenay way yarayd: 29 alleyl iyo 16 jajab oo weelal dhagax jilicsan ah, oo mid kastaaba laga helay shan goobood, iyo 12 jajab oo muraayad ah; dhagaxa jilicsan waxaa u badan inuu ka yimid Jasiiradda Carabta, jijimaduna waxay u badan tahay inay ka yimaadeen Masar (bogagga 51–52). Yaraantan waxay u qaateen in degaannadu "ay door yar ku lahaayeen shabakadaha ganacsiga" (tarjumaad) (bogga 52).

Goobaha waxay u qaybiyeen laba koox. Mid waxay raacdaa waddo ka timaadda dooxada Gabiley, oo ay sheegeen in maanta laga beero 85% khudaarta Soomaaliland, kana sii gudubta marinka Kabab iyo Dhagax La Galay ilaa dooxada Dibra Wein, halkaas oo ay sidoo kale ku taal goobta Dameraqad. Tan kale, oo ah Satiile, Cad Cad iyo Musa Hassan, waxay raacdaa togagga ballaaran ee ku teedsan xuduudda Itoobiya ee u socda Boorama (bogga 52). Waxay bixiyeen taariikh hordhac ah oo ah qarnigii 15-aad ilaa horraantii qarnigii 17-aad, waxayna soo jeediyeen in goobaha qaarkood ay ka da' weynaan karaan (bogagga 52–53).

## Bogag la xiriira

- [Magaalooyinkii burburay ee gudaha Soomaalida](/so/history/ruined-towns-of-the-somali-interior/)
- [Fardowsa, magaaladii ganacsiga ee qarniyadii dhexe ee Sheekh](/so/history/fardowsa-medieval-trading-town/)
- [Masaajiddii qarniyadii dhexe ee Soomaaliland](/so/history/medieval-mosques-of-somaliland/)
- [Taariikhda cilmiga qadiimiga ee dhulka Soomaalida](/so/history/history-of-archaeology-in-the-somali-lands/)