# Laas Geel iyo sawirrada dhagaxyada Soomaalida: sawirradii xoolo-dhaqatadii ugu horreysay, qiyaastii 5,000 sano jir

> Laas Geel, Dhambalin, Karin Heegan iyo goobaha kale ee sawirrada dhagaxyada Soomaalida: waxa sawirradu muujiyaan, da'dooda, cidda heshay iyo ilaha.

Source page: https://calankii.com/so/history/laas-geel-and-somali-rock-art/
Language: so
Translation of: https://calankii.com/en/history/laas-geel-and-somali-rock-art/
Last checked: 2026-11-12
Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com)

## Kooban

Sawirradii ugu da'da weynaa ee dad ku sameeyeen dhulka Soomaalida waxaa lagu sawiray, lagana qoray dhagaxyada buuraleyda waqooyiga. Waxay muujiyaan lo', ido, riyo, eeyo iyo duur-joog, inta badanna dad ayaa la socda. Khubarada qadiimiga (archaeology) waxay u arkaan farshaxankii xoolo-dhaqatadii ugu horreysay ee Geeska Afrika.

Goobta ugu caansan waa Laas Geel oo u dhow Hargeysa (Hargeisa). Sada Mire, oo ahayd madaxdii ugu horreysay ee Waaxda Qadiimiga ee Soomaaliland (Somaliland), waxay 2015 qortay in in ka badan 70 goob oo sawirro dhagax leh loo sheegay waaxda, waxayna khariidad u samaysay qiyaastii 30 ka mid ah ([Mire 2015, "Mapping the Archaeology of Somaliland", *African Archaeological Review* 32](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10437-015-9184-9)).

## Laas Geel: sidii loo diiwaangeliyay

Koox Faransiis ah oo uu hoggaaminayay Xavier Gutherz oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Montpellier ayaa raadinayay godad dhagax ah oo leh lakabyo ku aasan xilligii "markii dhaqaalaha wax-soo-saarku ka soo baxay qaybtan Geeska Afrika (qiyaastii kunka 5aad iyo 2aad CH)" (tarjumaad). 4 Diseembar 2002, iyagoo ku soo laabanaya Hargeysa, "waxaa goobta noo sheegay qof deggan Dacar Budhuq (Daarbudhuq), tuulo yar oo ku taal waddada qaranka ee u dhexeysa Hargeysa iyo Berbera; kadibna wuu na geeyay" (tarjumaad) ([Gutherz, Cros iyo Lesur, *Journal of African Archaeology* 1(2), 2003, bb. 227–228](https://hal.science/hal-02155252/document)).

Kooxdu waxay u mahadcelisay Cismaan Cali Bile (Osman Ali Bile), oo xilligaas ahaa Wasiirka Dhaqanka iyo Dalxiiska ee Soomaaliland, iyo Maxamed Cumar Ismaaciil (Mohamed Omar Ismaël) iyo Maxamed Cabdi Cali (Mohamed Abdi Ali) "gacantoodii qaaliga ahayd ee goobta" (tarjumaad) (isla ishaas, b. 228, qoraal-hoosaad 4). Dadka agagaarka deggan waxay sawirrada garanayeen muddo dheer ka hor 2002.

**Magaca.** Qorayaashu waxay qoreen in dhagaxu uu ku yaal meel ay ku kulmaan laba tog, oo leh balli xilliyeed iyo biyo dhulka hoostiisa ah oo dusha u dhow, iyo in "magaca Soomaaliga ahi macnihiisu yahay: 'Ceelka geela'" (tarjumaad). Waxay haysteen qoraalka Las Geel iyagoo raacaya talada hagayaashoodii Soomaalida ahaa (isla ishaas, b. 228).

## Waxa sawirradu muujiyaan

- **Meesha.** Buurta dhagax-weynta ah waxay 4 km galbeed uga beegan tahay waddada Hargeysa iyo Berbera. Waxay leedahay ilaa 20 god oo yaryar. Sawirradu waxay ku yaalaan dhinaca bari oo keliya, qiyaastii toban god oo ku yaal saddex heer. Kuwa ugu waaweyn waxay qoto dheer yihiin qiyaastii 5 m, ballacooduna waa 10 m (Gutherz iyo kuwo kale 2003, b. 228).
- **Midabada.** "Sida ay u badan yihiin: cas (ocher cas), caddaan, jaalle (ocher jaalle) iyo, marar dhif ah, madow" (tarjumaad). Sawirrada intooda badani waa midabo badan (isla ishaas).
- **Lo'da.** Lo'du "waa sac leh ugaxda iyo afarta naas oo si cad loo sawiray" (tarjumaad). Waa "sac aan kurus lahayn dhammaantood" (tarjumaad), geesaha dhaadheer, oo inta badan u qaabaysan ciddi ama kataarad (lyre), badiyaa cadcad oo cirifyada ka casaan-bunni ah. Qoortooda waxaa saaran qayb la sawiray oo qorayaashu ugu yeereen "plastron", taasoo "laga yaabo inay tahay maro ama haraggo saarnaa qoorta xoolaha xilliyada xafladaha gaarka ah" (tarjumaad) (isla ishaas, bb. 228, 234).
- **Dadka.** "Dad gaagaaban oo jir adag, lugaha u qaabaysan dun-wareejiye, gacmahana kor u taagay" (tarjumaad) ayaa taagan lo'da agteeda (isla ishaas, soo koobidda).
- **Xayawaanno kale.** Eeyo ama xayawaan la jinsi ah oo dadka ag taagan, "geri keliya iyo dhowr deero" (tarjumaad) (isla ishaas, soo koobidda).
- **Lakabyada.** Meelaha qaar, sawir ayaa ka korreeya sawir ka da' weyn, taasoo qorayaashu u qaateen calaamad muujinaysa in goobta la sawiray in ka badan hal mar (isla ishaas, b. 234).

Qorayaashu waxay Laas Geel, sababo la xiriira "badnaanta sawirradeeda, tayadooda, iyo sida gaarka ah ee loo sawiray lo'da iyo dadka" (tarjumaad), ku tilmaameen mid ka mid ah "goobaha ugu waaweyn ee sawirrada dhagaxyada ee xilligii Holocene ee gobolkan Afrika" (tarjumaad) (isla ishaas, soo koobidda).

## Imisa sano jir yihiin sawirradu?

- **Qaabka gobolka.** Sawirrada Laas Geel waxay ka tirsan yihiin "qaab guud oo gobolka oo dhan ah oo inta badan lagu qiyaaso kunka III iyo II CH, xilligii ay ka bilaabatay oo kobocday dhaqashada lo'da ee Geeska Afrika" (tarjumaad) (Gutherz iyo kuwo kale 2003, b. 234).
- **Godkii la qoday.** Sada Mire waxay xustay in qiyaasta da'du ay ku salaysan tahay "jajab yaryar oo midab ah oo laga helay lakabyo la rumaysan yahay inay jiraan 3500–2500 CH" (tarjumaad) oo ku jira Godka 7, godka keliya ee la qoday, halkaas oo aan laga helin wax dheri ah ([Mire 2015](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10437-015-9184-9)).
- **Qalab dhagax oo ka da' weyn.** Lakabyada hoose ee Godka 7 waxaa ku jiray qalab dhagax ah oo leh astaamaha Xilliga Dhexe ee Dhagaxa (Middle Stone Age), oo ay ku jirto farsamada Levallois, oo ay ku dhex jiraan mindiyo dhagax ah oo Xilliga Dambe ee Dhagaxa (Late Stone Age) ah. Tani waxay la mid tahay warshad (qaab samayn qalab) uu khabiirka qadiimiga J. Desmond Clark markii ugu horreysay 1954 u bixiyay "Hargeisan", oo laga soo bilaabo dhammaadkii Xilligii Barafka ee ugu dambeeyay ([Gutherz iyo kuwo kale, "The Hargeisan revisited", *Quaternary International* 343, 2014](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.038)).
- **Dheri ma jiro.** Kooxdii 2003 wax dheri ah kama helin Laas Geel iyo goobaha kale ee la degganaa ee ay arkeen. "Haddii aan siino da' Neolithic ama Protohistoric ah, waa inaan qirno in kooxahan xoolo-dhaqatada ahi ay ku noolaayeen deegaanka iyagoon dheri isticmaalin" (tarjumaad) (Gutherz iyo kuwo kale 2003, b. 234).

## Goobaha kale ee sawirrada dhagaxyada

- **Karin Heegan (Karinhegane).** Waxaa daraasad ku sameeyay Steven Brandt iyo Nanny Carder sannadihii 1980-yada. Waxay leedahay lo' la sawiray oo qoortu u qurxisan tahay sida Laas Geel. Brandt wuxuu dhuxul laga helay god tijaabo ah oo albaabka ku yaal ku qiyaasay 1600 iyo 2100 sano ka hor maanta, taasoo kooxda Gutherz ay u malaynayso inay muujin karto degitaan dambe ee aysan ahayn da'da sawirrada ([Brandt iyo Carder, "Pastoral rock art in the Horn of Africa", *World Archaeology* 19, 1987](https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.1987.9980034); [Gutherz iyo kuwo kale 2003, b. 234](https://hal.science/hal-02155252/document)).
- **Dhambalin, Saaxil.** God dhagax-ciid (sandstone) ah oo ku yaal gobolka Saaxil, oo ay Sada Mire diiwaangelisay 2007. Mire waxay ku tilmaantay "goobta ugu horreysa uguna keli ah ee dhulka Soomaalida ee si aan shaki lahayn u muujisa ido iyo riyo" (tarjumaad). Waxay muujisaa ugaarsato qaansooyin iyo eeyo wata, geri, deero iyo ido, riyo iyo lo' la qurxiyay ([Mire, "The Discovery of Dhambalin Rock Art Site, Somaliland", *African Archaeological Review* 25, 2008](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10437-008-9032-2); [Mire 2015](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10437-015-9184-9)).
- **Dhagax Kure (Dhagah Kure) iyo Dhagax Nabi Gallay (Dhagah Nabi Gallay).** Laba goobood oo kale oo leh sawirro lo' oo isla qaabkaas ah. Labaduba waxay kaloo leeyihiin qoraallo Sabaean iyo Himyarite ah oo ka yimid Koonfurta Carabta, kuwaas oo meelaha qaar u muuqda in markii dambe lagu dul qoray sawirrada (Mire 2015).
- **Haadh iyo Jilib Rihin, Togdheer.** Sawirro lo' oo qaabka Laas Geel ah, oo Mire diiwaangelisay 2007 (Mire 2015).
- **Dhagax Maroodi (Dhagah Maroodi).** Goob sawirro la qoray (petroglyph) leh, halkaas oo lo'da dhagaxa lagu xardhay halkii la sawiri lahaa. Mire waxay sababtaas ugu yeertay "mid gaar ah" (tarjumaad) (Mire 2015).
- **Sabeeno Furte, u dhow Ceerigaabo (Erigavo), Sanaag.** Sawirro la tuntay oo 4 ilaa 5 m sare uga yaal jar siman oo ka korreeya il biyo, oo muujinaya fardo la fuushan yahay, rag taagan iyo geel rar sita "qaab socdaal (safar gaadiid)" (tarjumaad) (Mire 2015). God la mid ah, God Hardhane oo u dhow Ceel Afweyn, waxaa ka warbixiyay I. M. Lewis 1958 (waxaa soo xigatay Mire 2015).
- **Dacawale, Dhaymoole.** Sawirro ay Mire ku tilmaantay "waxyaabo u muuqda jadwallo dayaxeed, oo muujinaya jadwal 28 maalmood ah, iyo bil cusub iyo dayax buuxa" (tarjumaad), oo ay la socdaan naqshado joometeri ah iyo xayawaanno (Mire 2015).

## Waxa sawirrada dhagaxyadu na baraan

Mire waxay qortay in sawirrada dhagaxyadu muujinayaan in intii u dhexeysay kunka saddexaad iyo kunka labaad CH, "dhaqashada lo' aan kurus lahayn… ido iyo riyo… iyo sidoo kale ugaarsiga deerada, geriga iyo duur-joogta kale, ay ahayd saldhigga dhaqaalaha nolol-maalmeedka" (tarjumaad). Muuqaallada ugaarsiga "waxay tilmaamayaan dhaqaale isku dhafan iyo deegaan aad uga cagaarsan kan gobolku maanta leeyahay" (tarjumaad). Goobaha intooda badani waxay ku yaalaan suun bari ilaa galbeed ah oo godad dhagax-weyn iyo dhagax-nuurad ah kaga gudba bartamaha Soomaaliland ([Mire 2015](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10437-015-9184-9)).

## Khataraha

Mire waxay taxday nabaadguurka dabaysha iyo roobka, buulasha cayayaanka qaniinya (wasps), daayeerrada waxyeeleeya derbiyada, qoraallada derbiyada lagu qoro, burburin ula kac ah, in dhagaxyada la sawiray loo isticmaalo dhismo, iyo ugu horreynba boobka iyo ganacsiga sharci-darrada ah ee alaabta qadiimiga ah ([Mire 2015](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10437-015-9184-9)).

## Bogag la xiriira

- [Ka hor 1300: dhulkii Soomaalida ee qadiimiga ahaa](/so/history/ancient-somali-lands-before-1300/)
- [Qabuuro qadiimi ah, tiirar dhagax ah iyo magaalooyin](/so/history/ancient-burials-stelae-and-towns/)
- [Goobaha hiddaha ee Soomaaliya](/en/society/heritage-sites/)