# Taariikhda Muqdisho: taxanaha dhacdooyinka laga soo bilaabo 1200-aadkii ilaa maanta

> Taariikhda Muqdisho oo taariikh ahaan u kala horraysa: saldanaddii qarniyadii dhexe iyo masaajidda, Ibnu Batuuta, Boortaqiiska, xeebta Banaadir xilligii Zanzibar iyo Talyaaniga, caasimaddii 1960, iyo dagaallada tan iyo 1991.

Source page: https://calankii.com/so/history/history-of-mogadishu/
Language: so
Translation of: https://calankii.com/en/history/history-of-mogadishu/
Last checked: 2026-11-12
Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com)

## Kooban

Boggan wuxuu taariikhda Muqdisho (Mogadishu), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Xamar, u dhigayaa sida ay sannadaha isugu xigaan. Sadar kasta wuxuu ku xiran yahay bog buuxa oo ay ku jiraan ilihiisa. Muqdisho maanta, eeg [Muqdisho](/so/regions/mogadishu/).

## Kahor 1500: magaaladii qarniyadii dhexe

- **Sannadihii 1200-aad.** Aqoonyahanka juqraafiga Yaaquut wuxuu Muqdisho ku tilmaamay magaalo ku taal "dhulka Barbarta", oo ay maamulaan odayaasheeda, oo dibadda u dhoofisa qoryaha sandal-ka, abanuuska, cambarka iyo foolka maroodiga. Eeg [Muqdisho hore iyo xeebta Banaadir](/so/history/early-mogadishu-and-the-benadir-coast-before-1300/).
- **1238 iyo 1269.** Qoraal ku yaal munaarad Xamarweyne ku taal ayaa sheegaya in dhismaha la bilaabay bishii Muxarram 636 Hijriyada (Agoosto 1238); qoraallo laga soo bilaabo 667 Hijriyada (1269) ayaa weli ku yaal masaajidda Fakhr al-Diin iyo Arbaca Rukun ([Guillain, *Documents sur l'histoire… de l'Afrique orientale*, 1856](https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_p43vUEwuZEoC)). Eeg isla boggaas.
- **Sannadihii 1300-aad.** Muqdisho waxaa xukumayay suldaanno iyada u gaar ah ([Maktabadda Koongareeska, *Somalia: A Country Study*](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/6.htm)). Eeg [Saldanadda Muqdisho](/so/history/sultanate-of-mogadishu/).
- **1331.** Ibnu Batuuta ayaa booqday. Wuxuu sharraxay dhallinyaro u soo baxa markab kasta si ay ganacsatada u martiqaadaan, iyo suldaanka, Abuu Bakar, oo la jooga qaadigiisa iyo raggiisa ([Ibnu Batuuta, *Travels*, tarjumaaddii Gibb, 1929](https://sourcebooks.web.fordham.edu/source/ibnbattuta-africa14C.asp)). Eeg [Ibnu Batuuta oo Muqdisho iyo Saylac (Zeila) yimid](/so/history/ibn-battuta-in-mogadishu-and-zeila-1331/).
- **Sannadihii 1200-aad ilaa 1400-aad.** Maraakiibta iyo ardayda Muqdisho waxay ka muuqdaan diiwaannada Yaman xilligii Rasuuliyiinta. Eeg [Saylac, Berbera iyo Muqdisho ee Yaman xilligii Rasuuliyiinta](/so/history/rasulid-yemen-and-somali-ports-1229-1454/) iyo [culimada Geeska ee Yaman qarniyadii dhexe](/en/history/zeila-and-jabarti-scholars-in-medieval-yemen/).

## 1500 ilaa 1884: Boortaqiiska, Ajuuraan iyo Zanzibar

- **1499–1510.** Maraakiibta dagaalka ee Boortaqiiska ayaa magaalada ag maray. Taariikhyahanka João de Barros wuxuu qoray in Muqdisho ay ahayd magaaladii ugu horraysay ee Carabtu ka aasaaseen xeebta, iyo in markab Muqdisho ka yimid uu ahaa markabkii shisheeye ee ugu horreeyay ee gaara ganacsiga dahabka ee Sofala ([Barros, *Décadas da Ásia*](https://archive.org/details/daasiadejoodebar01p2barr)). Eeg [Muqdisho iyo Baraawe (Barawa) ee qoraallada João de Barros](/so/history/mogadishu-and-brava-in-joao-de-barros/) iyo [magaalooyinka xeebta, 1331–1586](/so/history/somali-coast-towns-1331-1586/).
- **Qiyaastii 1550–1650.** Dowladda Ajuuraan (Ajuran) ayaa gacanta ku haysay xeebta Banaadir iyo dooxooyinka webiyada. Sheekooyin la diiwaangeliyay 1840-aadkii ayaa sheegaya in xukunkeedu dhammaaday markii Abgaal ay qabsadeen Muqdisho ([Maktabadda Koongareeska](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/6.htm)). Eeg [dowladda Ajuuraan](/so/history/ajuran-state/).
- **1700-aadkii ilaa 1880-aadkii.** "Cumaaniyiintu waxay xeebta Banaadir ku lahaayeen awood hoos ah oo daciif ah", taas oo "si joogto ah loogu soo jiiday wareegga taliyayaasha Zanzibar" (tarjumaad) ([Maktabadda Koongareeska, "The Somali Peninsula on the eve of imperial partition"](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/7.htm)). Eeg [saldanadaha, xeebta iyo xeerka, 1700-aadkii ilaa 1880-aadkii](/so/history/sultanates-the-coast-and-customary-law-1700s-1880s/) iyo [Saldanadda Geledi](/so/history/geledi-sultanate/).

## 1884 ilaa 1960: xukunkii Talyaaniga iyo wakiilnimadii QM

- **1880-aadkii ilaa 1900-aadkii.** "Talyaanigu wuxuu qabsaday xeebta Banaadir laftigeeda, oo muddo dheer hoos tagaysay awood daciif ah oo Zanzibar, si uu u sameeyo gumeysiga Soomaaliya Talyaaniga" (tarjumaad) ([Maktabadda Koongareeska, "Imperial partition"](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/9.htm)). Eeg [qaybintii dhulalka Soomaalida](/so/history/partition-1884-1926/) iyo [iska caabintii, 1890-aadkii ilaa 1945](/so/history/resistance-1890s-1945/).
- **1941.** Ciidamada Ingiriiska ayaa qabsaday Soomaaliya Talyaaniga, waxayna ku maamuleen maamul milatari. Eeg [Maamulkii Milatariga Ingiriiska](/so/history/british-military-administration-1941-1950/).
- **Maajo 1943.** "Xisbigii siyaasadeed ee casriga ahaa ee Soomaaliyeed ee ugu horreeyay, Naadiga Dhallinyarada Soomaaliyeed (SYC), ayaa lagu aasaasay Muqdisho" (tarjumaad) ([Maktabadda Koongareeska, "British Military Administration"](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/13.htm)). Eeg [xilligii waddaninimada](/so/history/nationalist-era-1943-1960/).
- **Janaayo 1948.** Intii uu socday booqashadii Guddiga Afarta Dowladood, rabshad dhex martay isu soo bax SYL iyo bannaanbax ka soo horjeeday oo taageersanaa Talyaaniga ayaa lagu dilay 51 Talyaani ah iyo 24 Soomaali ah (isla ishaas).
- **1950–1960.** Muqdisho waxay xarun u ahayd dhulkii QM ee uu Talyaanigu wakiilka ka ahaa. Eeg [wakiilnimadii QM](/so/history/un-trusteeship-1950-1960/).
- **1 Luulyo 1960.** Muqdisho waxay noqotay caasimadda Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya ee xorta ah. Eeg [xorriyadda iyo midowga](/so/history/independence-and-union-26-june-1-july-1960/).

## 1960 ilaa 1991: caasimadda Jamhuuriyadda

- **21 Oktoobar 1969.** Ciidamada ayaa xukunka la wareegay. Eeg [Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Soomaaliya](/so/history/somali-democratic-republic-1969-1991/).
- **Luulyo 1989.** "Bannaanbax ballaaran oo Luulyo 1989 ka dhacay Muqdisho waxaa la kala eryay oo keliya kadib markii ciidamada dowladdu toogteen oo dileen dad tiradooda lagu qiyaasay inta u dhaxaysa 200 ilaa 300" (tarjumaad) ([Maktabadda Koongareeska, "Politics of reconciliation"](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/74.htm)).
- **30 Diseembar 1990 – 26 Janaayo 1991.** USC ayaa magaalada kula dagaallantay ciidamada dowladda; Siyaad Barre wuu cararay. Eeg [dhicitaankii Muqdisho](/so/history/fall-of-mogadishu-1991/).

## 1991 ilaa 2012: magaaladii kala qaybsantay

- **1991.** USC way kala qaybsantay; Cali Mahdi Maxamed (Ali Mahdi) wuxuu haystay waqooyiga magaalada, Jeneraal Maxamed Faarax Caydiid (Aidid) wuxuuna haystay koonfurta. Eeg [Dowladdii Ku-meel-gaarka ahayd ee 1991](/so/history/interim-government-of-somalia-1991/).
- **1992.** QM waxay u dirtay kormeerayaal si ay ula socdaan xabbad joojin Muqdisho ([QM, UNOSOM I](https://peacekeeping.un.org/sites/default/files/past/unosom1backgr2.html)). Eeg [UNOSOM I](/en/history/unosom-i-1992-1993/).
- **3–4 Oktoobar 1993.** Dagaalkii u dhexeeyay ciidamada Mareykanka iyo dagaalyahannada Caydiid. Eeg [dagaalkii Muqdisho, 1993](/so/history/battle-of-mogadishu-1993/).
- **Febraayo–Juun 2006.** Isbahaysigii hoggaamiyeyaasha kooxaha hubaysan iyo maxkamadaha shareecada ayaa ku dagaallamay magaalada; maxkamaduhu way guuleysteen. Eeg [dagaalkii Muqdisho, 2006](/so/history/battle-of-mogadishu-2006/) iyo [Midowga Maxkamadaha Islaamiga](/so/history/islamic-courts-union-2006/).
- **Diseembar 2006 – Janaayo 2009.** Ciidamada Itoobiya ayaa magaalada hayay iyagoo la dagaallamaya kacdoon hubaysan; "dabayaaqadii 2008 qiyaastii 870,000 qof ayaa ka cararay Muqdisho". Eeg [dagaalkii Soomaaliya, 2006–2009](/en/history/war-in-somalia-2006-2009/).
- **2009–2011.** Al-Shabaab waxay haysay qayb weyn oo magaalada ka mid ah ilaa Agoosto 2011, markii ciidamada dowladda iyo AU ay la wareegeen "gacan ku haynta caasimadda" (tarjumaad) ([Golaha Ammaanka QM, S/2011/549, faqradda 2](https://documents.un.org/api/symbol/access?s=S/2011/549&l=en&t=pdf)). Eeg [weerarrada waaweyn ee Muqdisho, 2009–2013](/so/history/mogadishu-attacks-2009-2013/).

## 2012 ilaa maanta

- **Agoosto 2012.** Baarlamaanka Federaalka ee cusub ayaa lagu dhisay Muqdisho, taas oo soo afjartay xilligii ku-meel-gaarka. Eeg [Baarlamaankii Federaalka ee Ku-meel-gaarka](/en/history/transitional-federal-parliament-2004-2012/).
- **14 Oktoobar 2017.** Qarax gaari xamuul ah oo ka dhacay isgoyska Soobe (Zoobe) ayaa dilay ugu yaraan 512 qof, tiradaas oo markii dambe lagu tiriyay 587. Eeg [qaraxyadii ugu dhimashada badnaa Muqdisho](/so/history/mogadishu-bombings-2017-2022/).
- **2022.** Go'doominta Hoteel Xayaat (Hayat) bishii Agoosto iyo laba qarax oo baabuur ah oo Soobe ka dhacay bishii Oktoobar. Eeg isla boggaas iyo [weerarrada doorashada 2022](/so/history/beledweyne-mogadishu-attacks-2022/).

## Yaa dhibaatadu gaartay?

- **Dadka Muqdisho** dagaal kasta oo dhacay tan iyo 1990: madaafiicdii 1990–1991, dagaalkii kooxaha ee 1991–1992, dagaalkii 2006–2009 markii boqolaal kun ay carareen, iyo qaraxyada tan iyo 2009. Eeg boggaga lagu xiray.
- **Dadka Daarood ee magaalada degganaa,** oo la weeraray kadib dhicitaankii dowladda 1991. Eeg [dhicitaankii Muqdisho](/so/history/fall-of-mogadishu-1991/).

## Ilaha way kala duwan yihiin

- **Yaa aasaasay magaalada.** João de Barros, oo wax qoray 1500-aadkii, wuxuu sheegay in Carab ka timid meel u dhow al-Axsaa ay aasaaseen. Yaaquut, sannadihii 1200-aad, wuxuu dhigay "dhulka Barbarta" wuxuuna sheegay in ay maamulaan odayaasheeda. Eeg [Muqdisho hore](/so/history/early-mogadishu-and-the-benadir-coast-before-1300/) iyo [Muqdisho ee qoraallada João de Barros](/so/history/mogadishu-and-brava-in-joao-de-barros/).

## Akhri ilaha asalka ah

- Ibnu Batuuta, *Travels in Asia and Africa 1325–1354*, tarjumaaddii H. A. R. Gibb (1929): [Fordham Medieval Sourcebook](https://sourcebooks.web.fordham.edu/source/ibnbattuta-africa14C.asp).
- Maktabadda Koongareeska, *Somalia: A Country Study* (1993): [bogagga taariikhda](https://countrystudies.us/somalia/6.htm).
- Xoghayaha Guud ee QM, warbixin ku saabsan Soomaaliya, S/2011/549: [PDF](https://documents.un.org/api/symbol/access?s=S/2011/549&l=en&t=pdf).