# Buugaag ku saabsan Soomaalida ka hor 1500: qorayaal Giriig, Carab iyo Shiine ah

> Buugaagta ugu da'da weyn ee sharraxa Soomaalida: Periplus, al-Idriisi, Yaaquut, Ibnu Batuuta, Zhao Rugua, Fei Xin iyo kuwo kale, iyo xiriiriyeyaal bilaash ah.

Source page: https://calankii.com/so/history/books-about-somalis-before-1500/
Language: so
Translation of: https://calankii.com/en/history/books-about-somalis-before-1500/
Last checked: 2026-11-12
Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com)

## Buugaaggani waa maxay

Ka hor 1500, xeebta Soomaalidu waxay ka muuqataa buugaag ay qoreen shisheeye halkaas ka ganacsan jiray ama u safri jiray. Ganacsato Giriig ah, juqraafiyayaal Carab iyo Faaris ah, socdaale reer Marooko ah iyo saraakiil Shiine ah mid walba wuxuu qoray waxa uu arkay ama maqlay. Qorayaashan midkoodna Soomaali ma ahayn, badankoodna weligood gudaha uma gelin, sidaa darteed buugaagtu waxay aad uga badan sharraxaan dekedaha marka loo eego gudaha.

Qorayaasha Carabtu inta badan dadka xeebta woqooyi waxay ugu yeeraan **Barbar**, dhulkana **Bilaad al-Barbar**, xeebta ka koonfureysana waxay ku tilmaamaan dhulka **Sanjiga** ([Periplus, Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periplus_of_the_Erythraean_Sea)). Qorayaasha Giriiggu waxay adeegsan jireen magaca la xiriira ee **Barbaria** ([Periplus, Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periplus_of_the_Erythraean_Sea)). Qorayaasha Shiinuhu waxay xeebta Berbera ugu yeeri jireen **Bobali** ama **Bibaluo** ([Zhu Fan Zhi, Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Fan_Zhi)).

## Waxa ay diiwaangeliyaan

Qarniyo badan waa diiwaanka qoran ee keliya ee meelaha sida Saylac, Berbera, Muqdisho, Marka iyo Baraawe. Taariikhyahannadu waxay u adeegsadaan inay taariikhaystaan imaatinka Islaamka, kobaca Muqdisho ee magaalo ganacsi, iyo xiriirka xeebta Soomaalida iyo Carabta, Faaris, Hindiya iyo Shiinaha. Booqashadii Ibnu Batuuta ee 1331 ayaa ugu faahfaahsan: wuxuu sharraxaa suldaanka Muqdisho, maxkamaddiisa, qaadiga iyo cuntada iyo dharka magaalada ([Ibnu Batuuta, Rixlada, turjumaadda H. A. R. Gibb, Fordham Medieval Sourcebook](https://sourcebooks.web.fordham.edu/source/ibnbattuta-africa14C.asp)). Wax badan oo ku saabsan magaalooyinkan waxay ku jiraan [Magaalooyinka xeebta Soomaalida, 1331 ilaa 1586](/so/history/somali-coast-towns-1331-1586/) iyo [Dowladihii qarniyada dhexe iyo kuwii hore ee casriga](/so/history/medieval-and-early-modern-polities-1300s-1700s/).

## Sida loo akhriyo

Shaqooyinkan badankood waxaa lagu qoray Carabi, Giriig ama Shiine, markii dambena waxaa loo turjumay Ingiriis ama Faransiis qarniyadii 19aad iyo 20aad. Xiriiriyeyaasha bilaashka ah ee hoose waxay geynayaan turjumaado ama daabacado la sawiray halka ay jiraan. Halka aan nuqul bilaash ah la helin, xiriiriyaha WorldCat wuxuu muujinayaa maktabadda kuugu dhow ee buugga haysa.

## Buugaagta, kuwa ugu da'da weyn marka hore

### Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (qiyaastii 40 ilaa 70 M)

**Ganacsade Giriig ah oo aan la aqoon** · Giriig

Dekedaha ganacsiga ee xeebta woqooyi ee Soomaalida (Malao, Mundus, Mosylon, Opone) ee waxa Giriiggu ugu yeeri jireen xeebta Barbaria; uunsi, qorfe iyo qolofta diinka.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Bilaash ka akhri Internet Archive](https://archive.org/details/theperiplusoftheerythraeansea) · [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periplus_of_the_Erythraean_Sea) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Periplus+of+the+Erythraean+Sea+Anonymous+Greek+merchant)

### Geographia (qiyaastii 150 M)

**Claudius Ptolemy** · Giriig

Wuxuu taxaa meelo ku yaal xeebta Soomaalida iyo Gacanka Cadan.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Bilaash ka akhri Internet Archive](https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.5077) · [Open Library](https://openlibrary.org/works/OL16104620W) · [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_(Ptolemy)) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Geographia+Claudius+Ptolemy)

### Youyang Zazu (Jajab kala duwan oo Youyang ah) (qiyaastii 863)

**Duan Chengshi** · Shiine

Wuxuu sharraxaa dhulka Bobali (xeebta Berbera) iyo dadkiisa, lo'da iyo ganacsiga foolka maroodiga.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youyang_Zazu) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Youyang+Zazu+Duan+Chengshi)

### Muruj al-Dhahab (Seerayaasha Dahabka) (947)

**al-Mas'udi** · Carabi

Badmaaxidda dhulka Barbarta iyo Sanjiga ee xeebta Bariga Afrika.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Bilaash ka akhri Internet Archive](https://archive.org/details/meadowsofgold0000masu) · [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Meadows_of_Gold) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Muruj+al-Dhahab+al-Mas%27udi)

### Surat al-Ard (qiyaastii 977)

**Ibn Hawqal** · Carabi

Wuxuu Saylac ku xusaa deked ku taal waddada Xabashida.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hawqal) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Surat+al-Ard+Ibn+Hawqal)

### Nuzhat al-Mushtaq (Tabula Rogeriana) (1154)

**al-Idrisi** · Carabi

Wuxuu sharraxaa Saylac, Berbera iyo xeebta 'Barbar' ee koonfur u socota ilaa Marka.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabula_Rogeriana) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Nuzhat+al-Mushtaq+al-Idrisi)

### Mu'jam al-Buldan (Qaamuuska Dalalka) (1224 ilaa 1228)

**Yaqut al-Hamawi** · Carabi

Wuxuu sharraxaa Muqdisho iyo dadkeeda, oo loo yaqaan 'Barbar', iyo ganacsigooda cuud, abanuus iyo cambar.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Mu%27jam+al-Buldan+Yaqut+al-Hamawi)

### Zhu Fan Zhi (Sharraxa Dadyowga Shisheeye) (1225)

**Zhao Rugua** · Shiine

Wuxuu sharraxaa dalka Bibaluo (Berbera) iyo geelkiisa, idihiisa iyo beeyadiisa, iyo Zhongli.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Bilaash ka akhri Internet Archive](https://archive.org/details/chaujukuahiswork0000ruku) · [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhu_Fan_Zhi) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Zhu+Fan+Zhi+Zhao+Rugua)

### Kitab al-Jughrafiya (qiyaastii 1250 ilaa 1286)

**Ibn Sa'id al-Maghribi** · Carabi

Wuxuu magacaabaa Muqdisho, Marka iyo Berbera; Muqdisho wuxuu ugu yeeraa magaalo Muslimiin.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Sa%27id_al-Maghribi) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Kitab+al-Jughrafiya+Ibn+Sa%27id+al-Maghribi)

### Masalik al-Absar (qiyaastii 1340-meeyadii)

**al-Umari** · Carabi

Wuxuu sharraxaa dowladihii Muslimka ahaa ee Geeska oo ay ku jiraan Adal (Awfat/Ifat) iyo taliyayaashoodii.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Umari) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Masalik+al-Absar+al-Umari)

### Rihla (Safarrada) (1355)

**Ibn Battuta** · Carabi

Booqashadiisii 1331 ee Saylac iyo Muqdisho: maxkamadda suldaanka, qaadiga, martigelinta magaalada, cuntada iyo ganacsiga dharka.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Bogga buuxa ee buuggan](/so/history/ibn-battuta-in-mogadishu-and-zeila-1331/) · [Bilaash ka akhri Internet Archive](https://archive.org/details/the-travels-of-ibn-battuta-01) · [Open Library](https://openlibrary.org/works/OL20167593W) · [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Battuta) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Rihla+Ibn+Battuta)

### al-Ilmam bi-akhbar man bi-ard al-Habasha min muluk al-Islam (qiyaastii 1430-meeyadii)

**al-Maqrizi** · Carabi

Taariikhda boqortooyooyinkii Muslimka ahaa ee Geeska, oo ay ku jiraan Ifat iyo boqortooyadii Walashma.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Maqrizi) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=al-Ilmam+bi-akhbar+man+bi-ard+al-Habasha+min+muluk+al-Islam+al-Maqrizi)

### Xingcha Shenglan (Sahanka Guud ee Doonta Xiddigta) (1436)

**Fei Xin** · Shiine

Booqashooyinkii maraakiibta Ming ee Muqdisho (Mugudushu), Baraawe (Bulawa) iyo Jubba; guryo dhagax ah iyo dhul engegan.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fei_Xin) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Xingcha+Shenglan+Fei+Xin)

### Yingya Shenglan (1451)

**Ma Huan** · Shiine

Safarrada Zheng He; qoraallo ku saabsan dekedaha Bariga Afrika ee maraakiibtu booqatay.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Bilaash ka akhri Internet Archive](https://archive.org/details/ying-yai-sheng-lan-j.-v.-g-mills) · [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Huan) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Yingya+Shenglan+Ma+Huan)

### Kitab al-Fawa'id (qiyaastii 1490)

**Ahmad ibn Majid** · Carabi

Hage badmaaxeed oo magacaaba calaamadaha iyo dekedaha xeebta Soomaalida.

Halka laga akhriyo: [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad_ibn_M%C4%81jid) · [Maktabad ka raadi (WorldCat)](https://search.worldcat.org/search?q=Kitab+al-Fawa%27id+Ahmad+ibn+Majid)

## Bogag la xiriira

- [Buugaag ku saabsan Soomaalida, 1500 ilaa 1884](/so/history/books-about-somalis-1500-1884/)
- [Buugaag ku saabsan Soomaalida: xilli kasta](/so/history/books-about-somalis/)