# Macaluul, dagaal iyo abaar: Soomaalidii tagtay 1992 ilaa hadda > Macaluushii 1992 iyo 2011, dagaalkii Muqdisho ee 2007, abaarihii 2017 iyo 2021-23, meesha qaxootigu hadda joogaan iyo cidda soo laabata. Source page: https://calankii.com/so/diaspora/somalis-leave-1992-2026/ Language: so Translation of: https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/somalis-leave-1992-2026/ Last checked: 2026-11-12 Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com) Tan iyo 1992, macaluul, dagaal iyo abaar ayaa Soomaalida ku haysay dhaqdhaqaaq, gudaha dalka iyo xuduudaha ka gudubba. Guudmarka mowjad kasta wuxuu ku jiraa [Maxay Soomaalidu u tageen, goormayse?](/so/diaspora/why-and-how-somalis-left/). ## Intee ayay le'ekayd macaluushii 1992? Human Rights Watch waxay sheegtay ilaa 300,000 dhimasho oo macaluul iyo cudur ay keeneen bartamihii 1992 ([HRW World Report 1993](https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/1993/WR93/Afw-08.htm)). Iskuulka Caafimaadka iyo Daawada Kulaylaha ee London (LSHTM) wuxuu soo xigtay qiyaas ah 220,000 dhimasho 12 bilood gudahood ([LSHTM, 2013](https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/newsevents/news/2013/somalia_famine.html)). Barakacayaasha xeryaha Baydhabo waxay lahaayeen celcelis dhimasho maalinle ah oo ah 16.8 qof 10,000-kiiba ([CDC, MMWR](https://www.cdc.gov/MMWR/preview/mmwrhtml/00018099.htm)). Cilmi-baarayaashu waxay ku tilmaameen mid ka mid ah heerarka ugu sarreeya ee shacab muddo dheer laga diiwaangeliyay. ## Maxaa dadku uga tageen Muqdisho 2007? Dagaal ayaa dhex maray dowladda ku-meelgaarka ah, oo ay taageerayeen ciidamada Itoobiya, iyo jabhado. Qiyaastii 394,000 qof ayaa Muqdisho ka cararay intii u dhexeysay horraantii Febraayo iyo horraantii Maajo 2007, in ka badan saddex meelood meel magaalada ([UN News, 4 Maajo 2007](https://news.un.org/en/story/2007/05/217812)). Afgooye waxay qaabishay 43,000, Baydhabo ku dhawaad 17,000, Gaalkacyona ku dhawaad 10,000. Kenya waxay xirtay xadkeeda Soomaaliya 3 Janaayo 2007, kadib markii ciidamada Itoobiya ay Soomaaliya soo galeen ([HRW, From Horror to Hopelessness, 2009](https://www.hrw.org/report/2009/03/30/horror-hopelessness/kenyas-forgotten-somali-refugee-crisis)). Dadku weli way imanayeen: qiyaastii 60,000 magangalyo-doon oo Soomaali ah ayaa Kenya soo galay 2008. Febraayo 2009, Dhadhaab waxay haysay qiyaastii 255,000 qof, xeryo loo dhisay 90,000. Tallowga badda ee Yaman sidoo kale wuu kordhay, wuxuuna gaaray 50,000 oo soo gaaray 2008, taas oo ahayd tiradii ugu badnayd ([HRW, Hostile Shores, 2009](https://www.hrw.org/en/node/87224/section/9)). ## Immisa ayaa ku dhintay macaluushii 2011, xaggeese dadku u aadeen? Qiyaastii 258,000 qof ayaa u dhintay macaluul iyo gaajo daran koonfurta iyo bartamaha Soomaaliya, Oktoobar 2010 ilaa Abriil 2012 ([FSNAU iyo FEWS NET, 2013](https://fsnau.org/in-focus/technical-release-study-suggests-258000-somalis-died-due-severe-food-insecurity-and-famine-)). Qiyaastii 133,000 waxay ahaayeen carruur ka yar shan sano. - **Heerka ugu sarreeya:** qiyaastii 30,000 dhimasho dheeraad ah bishiiba, Maajo ilaa Agoosto 2011 ([FSNAU](https://fsnau.org/in-focus/technical-release-study-suggests-258000-somalis-died-due-severe-food-insecurity-and-famine-)). - **Saamiga:** 4.6 boqolkiiba dadka iyo 10 boqolkiiba carruurta ka yar shan sano ee koonfurta iyo bartamaha ayaa dhintay. - **Meelaha ugu daran:** dhimashada carruurtu waxay ugu badnayd Shabeellaha Hoose, Muqdisho iyo Bay. Dadka imanayay Dhadhaab inta badan waxay ka badnaayeen 1,000 maalintii: qiyaastii 30,000 Juun, 40,000 Luulyo iyo 38,000 Agoosto 2011 ([UNHCR, 2012](https://www.mynewsdesk.com/se/unhcr-fn-s-flykting-kommissarie/news/dadaab-world-s-biggest-refugee-camp-20-years-old-36270)). Saddex meelood meel qiyaastii hal milyan ee qaxootiga Soomaaliyeed ee gobolka ayaa Soomaaliya ka tagay 2011, sida ay UNHCR sheegtay. Oktoobar 2011, aagga Doolo Addo ee Itoobiya wuxuu lahaa shan xero: Bokolmanyo, Melkadida, Kobe, Hilaweyn iyo Buramino ([UNHCR Dollo Ado update, 9 Oktoobar 2011](https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/31151)). Dhismaha Buramino wuxuu bilaabmay 7 Oktoobar 2011, 2,985 qofna waxay yimaadeen siddeedda maalmood ee ugu horreeyay bishaas. Agoosto 2012, qaxootiga Soomaaliyeed ee gobolka waxay dhaafeen hal milyan, 1.3 milyan oo kalena gudaha Soomaaliya ayay ku barakaceen ([UNHCR, Agoosto 2012](https://data.unhcr.org/en/news/9802)). ## Maxay sameeyeen abaarihii 2017 iyo 2021-23? Waxay dadka ka saareen beeraha iyo xoolaha, una dhaqaajiyeen magaalooyinka iyo xeryaha, intooda badan gudaha Soomaaliya. - **2016-17:** shabakadda la socodka UNHCR waxay diiwaangelisay 761,000 barakac abaareed, 1 Nofembar 2016 ilaa 23 Juun 2017 ([UNHCR PRMN, 2017](https://data.unhcr.org/fr/documents/details/58292)). - **2021-22:** 1,355,797 qof ayaa abaartu barakicisay, Janaayo 2021 ilaa dhammaadka Nofembar 2022 ([OCHA, ReliefWeb](https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somalia-drought-and-famine-displacement-monitoring-dashboard-november-2022)). - **Dhimashada 2022:** qiyaastii 43,000 dhimasho dheeraad ah, kala badhkood carruur ka yar shan sano ([WHO iyo UNICEF, Maarso 2023](https://www.unicef.org/somalia/press-releases/new-study-finds-43000-excess-deaths-may-have-occurred-2022-drought-somalia)). - **2022 ilaa bartamihii 2024:** daraasad dambe ayaa dhimashada dheeraadka ah ee abaarta la xiriirta ku qiyaastay 71,000 ama ka badan ([Citizen Digital](https://citizen.digital/news/drought-led-to-71000-excess-deaths-in-somalia-report-shows-n356481)). 2022 dhimashada dheeraadka ahi waxay ugu badnayd Bay, Bakool iyo Banaadir ([UNICEF, 2023](https://www.unicef.org/somalia/press-releases/new-study-finds-43000-excess-deaths-may-have-occurred-2022-drought-somalia)). ## Xaggee joogaan qaxootiga Soomaaliyeed hadda? UNHCR waxay bogeeda xogta gobolka ku tirisay qaxootigan Soomaaliyeed ([UNHCR, 2026](https://data.unhcr.org/en/situations/horn)): - **Itoobiya:** 368,165 (31 Oktoobar 2026). - **Kenya:** 334,733 (31 Oktoobar 2026). - **Uganda:** 48,340 (31 Oktoobar 2026). - **Yaman:** 40,982 (31 Agoosto 2026). - **Jabuuti:** 13,697 (31 Agoosto 2026). Wadartu waa 805,917. Tirada Kenya waxay ahayd 468,507 dhammaadkii 2024, sida ku cad tiro hore oo UNHCR ([UNHCR infographic, Diseembar 2024](https://data.unhcr.org/es/documents/download/114055)). ## Dadku weli ma ku barakacayaan gudaha Soomaaliya? Haa. Shabakadda la socodka UNHCR waxay diiwaangelisay 553,000 barakac gudaha ah 2024 ([UNHCR Somalia dashboard, Janaayo 2025](https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/114871)). Nofembar 2025 oo keliya waxay diiwaangelisay qiyaastii 146,000, 71 boqolkiiba waxaa sababtay abaar ([UNHCR dashboard, Nofembar 2025](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2135144/UNHCR+Somalia+Population+Dashboard+-+Nov+2025.pdf)). Bishaas, Sanaag oo waqooyiga ku taal ayaa ugu barakac badnayd, oo ay ku jiraan 50,600 qof oo yimid Ceerigaabo ([UNHCR, Nofembar 2025](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2135144/UNHCR+Somalia+Population+Dashboard+-+Nov+2025.pdf)). Diiwaanka buuxa ee barakaca gudaha dalka wuxuu ku jiraa bogga barakaca gudaha. ## Dadku ma soo laabtaan? Qaar way soo laabtaan. Tan iyo Diseembar 2014, 141,673 qaxooti ayaa Soomaaliya ku soo laabtay, UNHCR-na waxay caawisay 97,293 ka mid ah ([UNHCR dashboard, Nofembar 2025](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2135144/UNHCR+Somalia+Population+Dashboard+-+Nov+2025.pdf)). Kooxaha ugu badan waxay ka yimaadeen Kenya (85,904) iyo Yaman (53,515). ## Maxaa kale oo la soo sheegay? - **Abaartii 2016-17:** shabakadda la socodka UNHCR waxay tirisay qiyaastii 893,000 barakac oo abaarta la xiriira, 1 Nofembar 2016 ilaa 31 Agoosto 2017, 804,000 oo ka mid ah 2017 ([UNHCR Somalia fact sheet, Agoosto 2017](https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/60042)). Tiradani way ka badan tahay tirada Juun 2017 ee qaybta abaaraha ku jirta, maxaa yeelay waxay socotaa laba bilood oo dheeraad ah. ## Bogag la xiriira - [Maxay Soomaalidu u tageen, goormayse? (guudmar)](/so/diaspora/why-and-how-somalis-left/) - [Dagaalkii 1988 ee waqooyiga iyo burburkii 1991](/so/diaspora/somalis-leave-1988-1991/) - [Waddooyinkee ayay Soomaalidu mareen?](/so/diaspora/migration-routes/) - [Qaxootiga Soomaaliyeed oo tirooyin ah](/so/diaspora/somali-refugees-by-the-numbers/) - [Kenya](/en/diaspora/kenya/) (Ingiriisi) - [Itoobiya](/en/diaspora/ethiopia/) (Ingiriisi) - [Yaman](/en/diaspora/yemen/) (Ingiriisi) - [Burburkii, 1991-2000](/en/history/collapse-1991-2000/) (Ingiriisi) - [Xilligii Siyaad Barre, 1969-1991](/so/history/siad-barre-era-1969-1991/) (Ingiriisi) - [Bulshooyinka laga tirada badan yahay](/en/society/minority-communities/) (Ingiriisi) - [Barakaca gudaha](/en/society/internal-displacement/) (Ingiriisi) - [Lacagaha qurbaha laga soo diro oo tirooyin ah](/so/economy/remittances-in-numbers/) (Ingiriisi) - [Dhaqdhaqaaqyada iyo dowladaha Soomaaliyeed tan iyo 1895](/so/history/carried-the-banner-since-1895/) (Ingiriisi) ## Ilaha 1. UNHCR. "Refugees from Somalia", Horn of Africa situation data portal, xog ilaa 31 Oktoobar 2026. https://data.unhcr.org/en/situations/horn. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 2. UNHCR Soomaaliya. "Population Dashboard, November 2025", ecoi.net. https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2135144/UNHCR+Somalia+Population+Dashboard+-+Nov+2025.pdf. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 3. UNHCR Soomaaliya. "Population Dashboard, January 2025". https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/114871. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 4. Human Rights Watch. "World Report 1993: Somalia". HRW, 1993. https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/1993/WR93/Afw-08.htm. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 5. UNHCR. "Dadaab, world's biggest refugee camp, 20 years old". 2012. https://www.mynewsdesk.com/se/unhcr-fn-s-flykting-kommissarie/news/dadaab-world-s-biggest-refugee-camp-20-years-old-36270. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 6. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. "Somalia famine worst in past 25 years". Maajo 2013. https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/newsevents/news/2013/somalia_famine.html. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 7. US Centers for Disease Control. Sahan dhimasho oo barakacayaasha Baydhabo, 1992. MMWR. https://www.cdc.gov/MMWR/preview/mmwrhtml/00018099.htm. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 8. UN News. Warbixin ku saabsan barakaca Muqdisho. 4 Maajo 2007. https://news.un.org/en/story/2007/05/217812. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 9. Human Rights Watch. "From Horror to Hopelessness". 30 Maarso 2009. https://www.hrw.org/report/2009/03/30/horror-hopelessness/kenyas-forgotten-somali-refugee-crisis. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 10. Human Rights Watch. "Hostile Shores: Abuse and Refoulement of Asylum Seekers and Refugees in Yemen". 20 Diseembar 2009. https://www.hrw.org/en/node/87224/section/9. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 11. FSNAU (FAO) iyo FEWS NET. "Study suggests 258,000 Somalis died due to severe food insecurity and famine". 2 Maajo 2013. https://fsnau.org/in-focus/technical-release-study-suggests-258000-somalis-died-due-severe-food-insecurity-and-famine-. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 12. UNHCR Itoobiya. "Dollo Ado Bi-Weekly Update". 9 Oktoobar 2011. https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/31151. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 13. UNHCR. "Somali refugee population in Horn of Africa passes one million, but exodus slows". 31 Agoosto 2012. https://data.unhcr.org/en/news/9802. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 14. UNHCR Protection and Return Monitoring Network. "Somalia drought related displacements to 23 June 2017". 2017. https://data.unhcr.org/fr/documents/details/58292. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 15. OCHA. "Somalia: Drought and famine displacement monitoring dashboard, November 2022". ReliefWeb, 2022. https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somalia-drought-and-famine-displacement-monitoring-dashboard-november-2022. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 16. UNICEF iyo WHO. "New study finds that 43,000 excess deaths may have occurred in 2022 from the drought in Somalia". 20 Maarso 2023. https://www.unicef.org/somalia/press-releases/new-study-finds-43000-excess-deaths-may-have-occurred-2022-drought-somalia. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 17. Citizen Digital. "Drought led to 71,000 excess deaths in Somalia, report shows". https://citizen.digital/news/drought-led-to-71000-excess-deaths-in-somalia-report-shows-n356481. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 18. UNHCR. Qaxootiga Soomaaliyeed dal ahaan, infographic, 31 Diseembar 2024. https://data.unhcr.org/es/documents/download/114055. La hubiyay 2026-11-12. 19. UNHCR Soomaaliya. "Fact Sheet, 1-31 August 2017". https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/60042. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.