# Yaa dib loogu celiyaa Soomaaliya, immisase?

> Tarxiilka iyo soo laabashada Soomaaliya dal iyo sannad: Mareykanka, Ingiriiska, Jarmalka, Waqooyiga Yurub, Holland, Sacuudiga, Kenya, Yaman, Jabuuti.

Source page: https://calankii.com/so/diaspora/deportations-and-returns/
Language: so
Translation of: https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/deportations-and-returns/
Last checked: 2026-11-12
Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com)

Dadku waxay Soomaaliya ugu soo laabtaan laba siyaabood: tarxiil qasab ah, ama soo laabasho loo yaqaan mutadawacnimo. Inta badan soo laabashada sannadihii dambe waxay ka timid Sacuudi Carabiya, Yaman iyo Liibiya, ee kama aysan iman Yurub ama Waqooyiga Ameerika.

Hay'adda Tirakoobka Qaranka Soomaaliya (NBS) waxay diiwaangelisay 9,621 muhaajiriin soo laabtay 2020 ilaa 2024 ([NBS Migration Statistics Report, daabacaadda 2aad, 2025](https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Migration-Statistics-Report-2025.pdf)). Waxay sidoo kale diiwaangelisay 4,681 qaxooti oo soo laabtay isla shantaas sano (isla ishaas). Xeerarka waraaqaha qaxootiga iyo tarxiilka waxay ku jiraan [Waraaqaha iyo xaaladda qaxootiga](/so/diaspora/refugee-papers-and-status/).

## Maxay ku kala duwan yihiin qofka la tarxiilay iyo qofka soo laabtay?

Muhaajirka soo laabtay waa qof dalkiisa ku laabta kadib muddo uu dibadda joogay, "ha ahaato mutadawacnimo ama qasab, mid la caawiyay ama mid iskiis ah" ([NBS Migration Statistics Report, daabacaadda 1aad, 2024](https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Migration-Statistics-Report-2024.pdf)). NBS waxay isticmaashaa qeexitaanka European Migration Network. Qaxootiga soo laabtay waa qof dibadda qaxooti ku ahaa oo dalka ku soo laabtay, inta badan UNHCR oo caawisay.

Celinta qasabka ah waxaa diiwaangeliya Hay'adda Socdaalka iyo Jinsiyadda ee Soomaaliya, laakiin NBS ma helin xogtaas warbixinteedii koowaad ([NBS, 2024](https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Migration-Statistics-Report-2024.pdf)). Sidaas darteed jadwallada Soomaaliya inta badan waxay tiriyaan dadka la caawiyay inay dalka yimaadaan.

## Immisa ayaa sannad walba soo laabta, sida ay Soomaaliya tirisay?

Muhaajiriinta soo laabtay, oo uu tiriyay Xafiiska Ergayga Gaarka ah ee Madaxweynaha u qaabilsan Socdaalka, Soo-celinta iyo Xuquuqda Carruurta ([NBS, 2025](https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Migration-Statistics-Report-2025.pdf)):
- **2020:** 1,287.
- **2021:** 1,127.
- **2022:** 3,616.
- **2023:** 1,901.
- **2024:** 1,690.

Qaxootiga soo laabtay, oo ay tirisay Guddiga Qaranka ee Qaxootiga iyo Barakacayaasha ([NBS, 2025](https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Migration-Statistics-Report-2025.pdf)):
- **2020:** 351. **2021:** 145. **2022:** 795.
- **2023:** 1,225. **2024:** 2,165.

Ragga da'da shaqada ayaa labada kooxba u badan. 2024, 1,288 ka mid ah 1,690 muhaajiriin soo laabtay waxay ahaayeen rag (isla ishaas).

## Dalalkee ayaa dib u celiya dadka ugu badan?

Muhaajiriinta soo laabtay 2020 ilaa 2024, dal ahaan ([NBS, 2025](https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Migration-Statistics-Report-2025.pdf)):
- **Sacuudi Carabiya:** 4,708.
- **Yaman:** 2,752.
- **Liibiya:** 906.
- **Itoobiya:** 390.
- **Suudaan:** 239.
- **Jarmalka:** 88. **Beljiyam iyo Turkiga:** 42 midkiiba. **Swiiserlaand:** 34. **Holland:** 27. **Finland:** 21.

Qaxootiga soo laabtay waxay inta badan ka yimaadeen Yaman (3,793), Kenya (427) iyo Liibiya (389) isla sannadahaas (isla ishaas). Jadwallada NBS kuma qorna wax soo laabasho ah oo ka timid Mareykanka, Ingiriiska ama Koonfur Afrika 2020 ilaa 2024.

## Immisa Soomaali ah ayuu Mareykanku tarxiilay?

Wasaaradda Amniga Gudaha Mareykanka (DHS) tirooyinkeeda waxay ku soo koobtaa tobanka ugu dhow ([DHS Yearbook 2023, Table 42](https://ohss.dhs.gov/topics/immigration/yearbook/2023/table42)):
- **2014:** 60. **2015:** 120. **2016:** 200.
- **2017:** 520. **2018:** 230. **2019:** 150.
- **2020:** 110. **2021:** 50. **2022:** 10. **2023:** 20.

Tarxiilka Soomaaliya maxkamad ayaa lagu tijaabiyay. Kiiska *Jama v. ICE* (2005), Maxkamadda Sare waxay go'aamisay in Mareykanku dadka u tarxiili karo Soomaaliya iyadoo aan horay loo helin oggolaanshaha dowladdeeda ([CaseMine commentary](https://www.casemine.com/commentary/us/removal-of-aliens-without-advance-government-consent-under-8-u.s.c.-§1231(b)(2):-comprehensive-analysis-of-jama-v.-ice/view)). ICE waxay sheegtay in duulimaadkii ugu horreeyay ee la isku dayay uu ku kacay US$197,680, mas'uuliyiinta Puntland-na way diideen inay ninka qaataan ([MPR News, 23 Juun 2006](https://www.mprnews.org/story/2006/06/23/jamaflight)).

7 Desembar 2017, diyaarad sidday 92 Soomaali ah ayaa dib u laabatay kadib joogsi dheer oo ay ku sameysay Dakar ([ACLU, Ibrahim v. Acosta](https://aclu.org/cases/ibrahim-v-acosta)). Dadkii la hayay waxay sheegeen in la silsileeyay muddadii 48-ka saacadood oo dhan, dacwad wadareedna (class action) waxaa laga furay Florida.

2025 dowladda Mareykanku waxay 4,090 Soomaali ah u calaamadeysay tarxiil ([Al Jazeera, 12 Maarso 2025](https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2025/3/12/somalia-is-dangerous-former-us-deportees-struggle-with-fear-uncertainty)). Sebtembar 2026, siddeed nin oo Soomaali ah ayaa Muqdisho loo duuliyay, kadib qiyaastii bil ay ku xirnaayeen Guantánamo Bay ([MPR News, 25 Sebtembar 2026](https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/09/25/adam-abdullah-is-among-8-deported-to-somalia-from-guantanamo-bay)). Dhammaadka Ilaalinta Ku-meelgaarka ah (TPS) waxaa lagu sharxay [Waraaqaha iyo xaaladda qaxootiga](/so/diaspora/refugee-papers-and-status/).

## Immisa ayuu Ingiriisku u celiyaa Soomaaliya?

Tiro yar. Dadka Wasaaradda Arrimaha Gudaha Ingiriiska (Home Office) u celisay Soomaaliya ([Home Office returns dataset, sannadka ku dhammaaday Juun 2026](https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a85c4f754bcee010d514572/returns-datasets-jun-2026.xlsx)):
- **2014:** 35 qasab, 1 mutadawac.
- **2018:** 41 qasab, 16 mutadawac.
- **2019:** 43 qasab, 6 mutadawac.
- **2022:** 6 qasab, 7 mutadawac.
- **2024:** 12 qasab, 1 mutadawac.
- **2025:** 13 qasab, 3 mutadawac.

Muwaadiniinta Soomaaliyeed ee Ingiriiska ka baxa ee u socda dalalka Midowga Yurub ayaa hadda ka badan kuwa Soomaaliya aada. Kala badhkii hore ee 2026, 58 ayaa loo celiyay dalal xubin ka ah Midowga Yurub, 7-na Soomaaliya (isla xogtaas).

Maxkamadaha Ingiriiska ayaa xadka dejiyay. Kiiska *Sufi and Elmi v. United Kingdom* (28 Juun 2011), Maxkamadda Xuquuqda Aadanaha ee Yurub waxay go'aamisay in laba nin oo Muqdisho loo celiyo ay jebinayso Qodobka 3 ([EIN summary](https://www.ein.org.uk/node/262284)). Waxay ogaatay in xaaladaha xeryaha jidka Afgooye iyo Dhadhaab ay gaareen heerkaas.

Tilmaamihii Ingiriiska ee dambe jiho kale ayay qaateen. *MOJ* (2014) wuxuu go'aamiyay in qof rayid ah oo caadi ah oo Muqdisho ku laabta aysan guud ahaan khatar dhab ah ku jirin, *OA* (2022)-na wuu sii hayay go'aankaas ([Upper Tribunal, OA (Somalia) CG [2022] UKUT 33](https://caselaw.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukut/iac/2022/33)). *OA* wuxuu ogaaday in dadka aan lahayn taageero beel ama qoys, lacag dibadda ka timaadda iyo nolol-maalmeed oo keliya ay la kulmaan xaalado ka hooseeya heerka sharciga.

## Ka warran Jarmalka iyo Holland?

Jarmalku wuxuu Soomaaliya u tarxiilay 19 qof 2023, 12 qof 2024 iyo 46 qof 2025 ([Bundestag, Drucksache 21/8469, 8 Oktoobar 2026](https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/21/084/2108469.pdf)). Duulimaadyadu waxay maraan Nayroobi, halkaas oo booliska Jarmalku dadka ku wareejiyaan ilaalada shirkadda diyaaradda ee qaybta ugu dambeysa ([Bundestag, Drucksache 21/4496](https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/21/044/2104496.pdf)).

Dowladda Jarmalku waxay liis gareysay afar duulimaad oo kiro ah iyo kharashkooda (isla ishaas):
- **15 Oktoobar 2024:** €137,585.
- **6 Maarso 2025:** €293,855.
- **10 Luulyo 2025:** €387,280.
- **8 Desembar 2025:** €356,800.

Holland waxay ahayd dowladdii ugu horreysay ee joojisa hakintii ay ku haysay celinta Soomaaliya, Desembar 2012 ([Amnesty International, 23 Oktoobar 2014](https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2014/10/netherlands-forced-returns-somalis-al-shabaab-areas-can-amount-death-sente/)). Nofembar 2013 waxay Muqdisho u celisay nin 26 jir ah, kaasoo saddex maalmood kadib ku dhaawacmay weerar is-miidaamin ah (isla ishaas).

## Ka warran dalalka Waqooyiga Yurub (Nordic)?

Celintu way yar tahay, inta badanna waxaa lagu fuliyaa heshiisyo qarsoodi ah. Denmark waxay Soomaaliya la leedahay heshiis aan la shaacin, oo la sheegay inuu oggol yahay ilaa 12 celin sannadkii ([The Local Denmark, 14 Juun 2018](https://www.thelocal.dk/20180614/mps-call-for-explanation-over-confidential-denmark-somalia-deal-after-extortion-allegation)). Wasaaraddu waxay sheegtay inuu qarsoodi yahay "codsiga Soomaaliya awgeed".

Celinta Noorweey iyo Iswiidhan waxaa lagu sharxay [Waraaqaha iyo xaaladda qaxootiga](/so/diaspora/refugee-papers-and-status/). Jadwallada Soomaaliya waxay diiwaangeliyeen 21 muhaajiriin oo Finland ka soo laabtay iyo 2 Noorweey ka yimid 2020 ilaa 2024 ([NBS, 2025](https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Migration-Statistics-Report-2025.pdf)).

## Immisa ayay Sacuudi Carabiya tarxiishay?

Aad uga badan dal kasta oo reer galbeed ah. Desembar 2013 ilaa Agoosto 2014, mas'uuliyiinta Sacuudiga waxay Muqdisho u fuliyeen tarxiil ballaaran, kadib markii dadka lagu hayay xarumaha tarxiilka ([Landinfo, 1 Sebtembar 2021](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2060174/Saudi-Arabia-Somalia-respons-Somaliske-borgeres-adgang-til-opphold-i-Saudi-Arabia-og-deportasjoner-til-Somalia-01092021.pdf)). Wasaaradda Arrimaha Dibadda Mareykanka waxay wadarta tan iyo 2013 ku qiyaastay qiyaastii 85,000 ilaa 2016, sida ay Landinfo sheegtay.

Safaaradda Noorweey ee Nayroobi ayaa Landinfo u sheegtay in xawaaruhu ahaa qiyaastii 4,000 sannadkii 2016 ilaa 2019, iyo qiyaastii 2,000 sannadkii 2020 ([Landinfo, 2021](https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2060174/Saudi-Arabia-Somalia-respons-Somaliske-borgeres-adgang-til-opphold-i-Saudi-Arabia-og-deportasjoner-til-Somalia-01092021.pdf)). Dadka la tarxiilo waxaa diyaarad kiro ah loogu qaadaa Muqdisho, meel kasta oo Soomaaliya ka mid ah ha ka yimaadeene. Mowjaddii horraantii 2014 waxay ku jirtaa [Waddooyinkee ayay Soomaalidu mareen?](/so/diaspora/migration-routes/).

## Sidee bay u shaqaysay soo laabashada Kenya?

Waxay ku dhacday heshiis soo laabasho mutadawacnimo ah oo Kenya, Soomaaliya iyo UNHCR saxiixeen 10 Nofembar 2013 ([The Star, Kenya](https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018-11-23-300000-somali-refugees-repatriated-from-kenya-since-2014-ruto/)). Soo laabashadu waxay bilaabatay Desembar 2014, sida ay isla warbixintu sheegtay. Tirada sannadlaha ah ee UNHCR ee qaxootiga Soomaaliya loogu celiyay dalalka oo dhan ayaa muujinaysa heerka ugu sarreeyay ([UNHCR Refugee Data Finder](https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?limit=100&yearFrom=1990&yearTo=2025&coo=SOM)):
- **2015:** 32,343. **2016:** 36,136. **2017:** 41,476.
- **2018:** 13,081. **2019:** 6,241. **2020:** 1,560.
- **2023:** 1,876. **2024:** 1,959. **2025:** 1,187.

Dadkii soo laabtay marka hore waxay helayeen US$80 qofkiiba, ama US$100 haddii ay baahi gaar ah qabaan, waxayna aadeen Luuq, Baydhabo iyo Kismaayo ([UNHCR, pilot returns story](https://unhcr.org/node/16755)).

Ururrada xuquuqda ayaa su'aal ka keenay inta ay mutadawacnimo ahayd. Human Rights Watch waxay 2016 sheegtay in Kenya aysan qaxootiga Dhadhaab siin doorasho dhab ah ([Africanews, 15 Sebtembar 2016](https://www.africanews.com/2016/09/15/kenya-accused-of-intimidating-somali-refugees-to-repatriate-voluntarily)). Amnesty waxay 2017 ogaatay in dadkii Baydhabo ku soo laabtay ay la kulmeen biyo qaali ah oo aan nadiif ahayn, gaajo iyo barakac cusub ([Amnesty International, 21 Desembar 2017](https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/press-release/2017/12/somalia-refugees-pressured-to-leave-dadaab-return-to-insecurity-drought-and-hunger/)).

## Ka warran Yaman, Jabuuti iyo Koonfur Afrika?

- **Yaman:** 1,935 qaxooti ayaa Yaman ka soo laabtay 2024 oo keliya, kuwa ugu badan dal kasta ([NBS, 2025](https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Migration-Statistics-Report-2025.pdf)).
- **Jabuuti:** 2003 dowladdu waxay ajaanibta aan waraaqaha haysan ku amartay inay baxaan ilaa 15 Sebtembar; qiyaastii 100,000, oo intooda badan Soomaali, Itoobiyaan iyo Yamani ahaa, ayaa baxay ([USCR World Refugee Survey 2004, Refworld](https://www.refworld.org/node/27008)).
- **Koonfur Afrika:** jadwallada Soomaaliya kuma qorna wax soo laabtay oo Koonfur Afrika ka yimid 2020 ilaa 2024 ([NBS, 2025](https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Migration-Statistics-Report-2025.pdf)). Eeg [Koonfur Afrika](/en/diaspora/south-africa/) (Ingiriisi).

## Maxay dadku helaan markay yimaadaan?

Xafiiska ergayga Soomaaliya iyo IOM ayaa bixiya taageero soo dhaweyn. 2022 waxay caawimo soo dhaweyn siiyeen 3,616 qof, gaadiid sii socodna 3,627 ([NBS, daabacaadda 1aad, 2024](https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Migration-Statistics-Report-2024.pdf)). Tiro ka yar ayaa helay caawimo qoto dheer: 246 ayaa helay caawimo dib u dhexgal, 68-na tababar ganacsi sannadkaas.

Meelaha ay muhaajiriinta soo laabtay degeen, 2020 ilaa 2023 (isla ishaas):
- **Banaadir (Muqdisho):** 2,323.
- **Somaliland:** 3,040.
- **Puntland:** 1,631.
- **Galmudug:** 454. **Jubbaland:** 225. **Koonfur Galbeed:** 211. **Hirshabeelle:** 47.

Dadka Mareykanka laga tarxiilay ee Muqdisho lagu wareystay waxay sheegeen inay lumiyeen Af-Soomaaligoodii, shaqo yari, ceeb iyo inaysan lahayn qaraabo ay u tagaan ([Al Jazeera, 2025](https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2025/3/12/somalia-is-dangerous-former-us-deportees-struggle-with-fear-uncertainty)). Maxkamad Ingiriis ah ayaa ogaatay in qol hoteel uu ku kaco qiyaastii US$25 habeenkii, qolalka kirada ahna qiyaastii US$40 ilaa US$150 bishii ([OA (Somalia) [2022] UKUT 33](https://caselaw.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukut/iac/2022/33)).

## Maxaa kale oo la soo sheegay?

- **Amarrada maxkamadaha Mareykanka, 2026:** falanqayn uu wargeyska Star Tribune ku sameeyay xogta maxkamadaha socdaalka ayaa lagu ogaaday in ka badan 500 Soomaali ah oo Minnesota jooga lagu amray tarxiil 2026, iyo qiyaastii 1,000 magangalyo-doon oo Soomaali ah oo la siiyay amarro tarxiil tan iyo Febraayo, sida uu soo sheegay Gateway Pundit ([Gateway Pundit, Oktoobar 2026, isagoo soo xiganaya Star Tribune](https://thegatewaypundit.com/2026/10/trump-immigration-crackdown-drives-tenfold-surge-somali-deportation)). NPR waxay Febraayo 2026 sheegtay in maxkamadaha socdaalku dacwadaha magangalyada Soomaalida u wareejiyeen jadwal ka dhakhso badan ([NPR, 9 Febraayo 2026](https://www.npr.org/2026/02/09/nx-s1-5707217/somali-asylum-cases-rescheduled)).
- **Amarrada kama dambaysta ah, 2017:** ICE waxay sheegtay 4,801 muwaadin Soomaaliyeed oo haystay amar tarxiil oo kama dambays ah 1 Abriil 2017, sida lagu soo sheegay xilligaas ([Horn Diplomat, Abriil 2017](https://www.horndiplomat.com/2017/04/18/nearly-4000-somalis-set-to-be-deported-from-us/)).

[Akhri baaqa](/so/).

## Bogag la xiriira

- [Waraaqaha iyo xaaladda qaxootiga](/so/diaspora/refugee-papers-and-status/)
- [Waddooyinkee ayay Soomaalidu mareen?](/so/diaspora/migration-routes/)
- [Xeryaha qaxootiga Soomaaliyeed](/so/diaspora/refugee-camps/)
- [Qaxootiga Soomaaliyeed oo tirooyin ah](/so/diaspora/somali-refugees-by-the-numbers/)
- [Sacuudi Carabiya](/en/diaspora/saudi-arabia/) (Ingiriisi)
- [Kenya](/en/diaspora/kenya/) (Ingiriisi)
- [Yaman](/en/diaspora/yemen/) (Ingiriisi)
- [Jarmalka](/en/diaspora/germany/) (Ingiriisi)
- [Barakaca gudaha](/en/society/internal-displacement/) (Ingiriisi)
- [Calanka la siday tan iyo 1895](/so/history/carried-the-banner-since-1895/) (Ingiriisi)

## Ilaha

1. Somalia National Bureau of Statistics. "Migration Statistics Report, Second Edition 2025". NBS, 2026. https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Migration-Statistics-Report-2025.pdf. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
2. Somalia National Bureau of Statistics. "Migration Statistics Report, First Edition 2024" (tables 4.1 to 4.6). NBS, November 2024. https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Migration-Statistics-Report-2024.pdf. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
3. US Department of Homeland Security, Office of Homeland Security Statistics. "Yearbook 2023, Table 42: Removals by country of nationality, FY2014-2023". https://ohss.dhs.gov/topics/immigration/yearbook/2023/table42. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
4. CaseMine. "Removal of Aliens Without Advance Government Consent under 8 U.S.C. §1231(b)(2): Comprehensive Analysis of Jama v. ICE". https://www.casemine.com/commentary/us/removal-of-aliens-without-advance-government-consent-under-8-u.s.c.-§1231(b)(2):-comprehensive-analysis-of-jama-v.-ice/view. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
5. MPR News. "U.S. Immigration spent $200K on Keyse Jama deportation", 23 Juun 2006. https://www.mprnews.org/story/2006/06/23/jamaflight. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
6. The Star (Kenya). "300,000 Somali refugees repatriated from Kenya since 2014 - Ruto", 23 Nofembar 2018. https://www.the-star.co.ke/news/2018-11-23-300000-somali-refugees-repatriated-from-kenya-since-2014-ruto/. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
7. ACLU. "Ibrahim v. Acosta". https://aclu.org/cases/ibrahim-v-acosta. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
8. Mohamed Gabobe. "'Somalia is dangerous': Former US deportees struggle with fear, uncertainty". Al Jazeera, 12 Maarso 2025. https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2025/3/12/somalia-is-dangerous-former-us-deportees-struggle-with-fear-uncertainty. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
9. MPR News. "8 deported to Somalia from Guantanamo Bay", 25 Sebtembar 2026. https://www.mprnews.org/story/2026/09/25/adam-abdullah-is-among-8-deported-to-somalia-from-guantanamo-bay. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
10. UK Home Office. "Immigration system statistics, year ending June 2026: Returns detailed datasets" (Ret_D01, Ret_D02). https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a85c4f754bcee010d514572/returns-datasets-jun-2026.xlsx. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
11. Electronic Immigration Network. Summary of Sufi and Elmi v. United Kingdom (ECtHR, 8319/07 and 11449/07), 28 Juun 2011. https://www.ein.org.uk/node/262284. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
12. Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). OA (Somalia) Country Guidance [2022] UKUT 33 (IAC). https://caselaw.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukut/iac/2022/33. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
13. Deutscher Bundestag. Drucksache 21/4496, answer on deportations to Somalia. https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/21/044/2104496.pdf. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
14. Deutscher Bundestag. Drucksache 21/8469, "Abschiebungen nach Somalia im bisherigen Jahr 2026", 8 Oktoobar 2026. https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/21/084/2108469.pdf. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
15. Amnesty International. "Netherlands: Forced returns of Somalis to al-Shabaab areas can amount to 'death sentences'", 23 Oktoobar 2014. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2014/10/netherlands-forced-returns-somalis-al-shabaab-areas-can-amount-death-sente/. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
16. The Local Denmark. "MPs call for explanation over confidential Denmark-Somalia deal", 14 Juun 2018. https://www.thelocal.dk/20180614/mps-call-for-explanation-over-confidential-denmark-somalia-deal-after-extortion-allegation. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
17. Landinfo (Norway). "Saudi-Arabia/Somalia: Somaliske borgeres adgang til opphold i Saudi-Arabia og deportasjoner til Somalia", 1 Sebtembar 2021. Via ecoi.net. https://www.ecoi.net/en/file/local/2060174/Saudi-Arabia-Somalia-respons-Somaliske-borgeres-adgang-til-opphold-i-Saudi-Arabia-og-deportasjoner-til-Somalia-01092021.pdf. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
18. UNHCR. Refugee Data Finder API, refugees and returned refugees of Somali origin, 1990-2025. https://api.unhcr.org/population/v1/population/?limit=100&yearFrom=1990&yearTo=2025&coo=SOM. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
19. UNHCR. Story on the first returns from Kenya under the pilot project. https://unhcr.org/node/16755. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
20. Africanews. "Kenya accused of intimidating Somali refugees to repatriate voluntarily", 15 Sebtembar 2016. https://www.africanews.com/2016/09/15/kenya-accused-of-intimidating-somali-refugees-to-repatriate-voluntarily. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
21. Amnesty International. "Somalia: Refugees pressured to leave Dadaab return to insecurity, drought and hunger", 21 Desembar 2017. https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/press-release/2017/12/somalia-refugees-pressured-to-leave-dadaab-return-to-insecurity-drought-and-hunger/. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
22. US Committee for Refugees. "World Refugee Survey 2004 - Djibouti". Via Refworld. https://www.refworld.org/node/27008. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
23. The Gateway Pundit. "Trump immigration crackdown drives tenfold surge in Somali deportation orders in Minnesota". Oktoobar 2026. https://thegatewaypundit.com/2026/10/trump-immigration-crackdown-drives-tenfold-surge-somali-deportation. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
24. NPR. "Somali asylum cases rescheduled". 9 Febraayo 2026. https://www.npr.org/2026/02/09/nx-s1-5707217/somali-asylum-cases-rescheduled. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.
25. Horn Diplomat. "Nearly 4,000 Somalis set to be deported from US". 18 Abriil 2017. https://www.horndiplomat.com/2017/04/18/nearly-4000-somalis-set-to-be-deported-from-us/. La hubiyay 2026-11-12.