# Banaadir (Benadir): how Muqdisho (Mogadishu) is governed

> Banaadir is the capital region around Muqdisho (Mogadishu).

Source page: https://calankii.com/en/states/banadir/
Last checked: 2026-11-12
Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com)

## What Banaadir is

Banaadir is the region (gobol) that holds the capital. It is the only region in the country that does not belong to any member state ([Banaadir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banaadir)). The 2012 provisional constitution left the capital's final status to be decided later, and that is still open ([Heritage Institute](https://heritageinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/federalism.pdf)).

## Districts and people

Banaadir has 20 districts since 2024, when Darusalam, Garasbaley and Gubadley were added to the earlier 17 ([Banaadir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banaadir)). Estimates for 2025 give about 3.3 million people, the most of any region; the 2014 estimate was about 1.65 million ([Banaadir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banaadir)). People from every part of the country live in the city, alongside the Banadiri (Reer Xamar), one of its oldest communities ([Minority Rights Group](https://minorityrights.org/communities/benadiri/)).

## Who runs it

The governor of Banaadir is also the mayor of Mogadishu, and is appointed by the federal president. Hassan Mohamed Hussein holds the post ([Banaadir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banaadir)).

## The December 2025 vote

In December 2025 Mogadishu residents voted directly for local councils in Banaadir, which Radio Dalsan called a historic first ([Radio Dalsan](https://radiodalsan.com/2025/12/25/mogadishu-votes-at-dawn-benadir-regional-council-elections-begin-in-a-historic-first/)).

## More about the city

For people, districts, displacement and services in the city itself, see the Muqdisho (Mogadishu) region page. Over 1.1 million people there live in 2,493 sites for displaced families ([EUAA](https://www.euaa.europa.eu/somalia-displacement-mogadishu/13-idps-and-idp-sites-mogadishu)).

## Sources differ

Population figures for the capital vary. The EUAA counts about 2.97 million people in 20 districts in early 2026, with most displacement sites in Kahda (1,241) and Dayniile (1,029) ([EUAA](https://www.euaa.europa.eu/somalia-displacement-mogadishu/13-idps-and-idp-sites-mogadishu)). Other estimates for 2025 are higher, at about 3.3 million ([Banaadir](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banaadir)).

## Where Banaadir fits

Article 1 of the 2012 provisional constitution says "Somalia is a federal state" ([Heritage Institute](https://heritageinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/federalism.pdf)). Regions join to form member states, but the capital region was left outside them, with its final status for later talks. Until that is settled, Banaadir is run by an administration that answers to the federal government.

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