# Somalia and the world

Source page: https://calankii.com/en/relations/
Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com)

- [Somalia and Ethiopia](https://calankii.com/en/relations/ethiopia.md): Somalia–Ethiopia relations: the Ogaden wars, the 1988 accord, the 2024 Somaliland port deal, the Ankara Declaration, khat trade, envoys and visits.
- [Somalia and Djibouti](https://calankii.com/en/relations/djibouti.md): Somalia–Djibouti relations: Arta 2000, the 2008–09 Djibouti process, Djiboutian troops in AMISOM and AUSSOM, Somaliland talks, trade, envoys and visits.
- [Somalia and Kenya](https://calankii.com/en/relations/kenya.md): Somalia–Kenya relations: the NFD and Shifta war, the 1967 Arusha accord, the ICJ sea border case, miraa trade, diplomatic breaks, Dadaab and EAC entry.
- [Somalia and Eritrea](https://calankii.com/en/relations/eritrea.md): Somalia–Eritrea relations: the 2009 UN sanctions and their 2018 lifting, the 2018 declarations, troops trained in Eritrea, Asmara and El Alamein summits.
- [Somalia and Yemen](https://calankii.com/en/relations/yemen.md): Somalia–Yemen relations: Gulf of Aden trade, Hadrami and Somali communities, refugees both ways, the 2006 Aden Declaration, the Houthi era, envoys and trade.
- [Somalia and Sudan](https://calankii.com/en/relations/sudan.md): Somalia–Sudan relations: Abboud's 1964 mediation, Somali students in Khartoum, the 2006 Khartoum talks, the 2023 evacuation, Bosaso flights and El Alamein.
- [Somalia and South Sudan](https://calankii.com/en/relations/south-sudan.md): Somalia–South Sudan relations: 2011 recognition, Somali traders and the liberation struggle, the East African Community, envoys, calls and positions on Somaliland.
- [Somalia and China](https://calankii.com/en/relations/china.md): China–Somalia relations since 1960: ambassadors, Zhou Enlai's 1964 visit, the National Theatre, Benadir Hospital, trade, aid and Taiwan.
- [Somalia and Norway](https://calankii.com/en/relations/norway.md): Norway and Somalia: the 2013 aid deal, the Special Financing Facility, the 2020 bridge loan, special envoys, Oslo meetings and Somaliland ties.
- [Somalia and the United Kingdom](https://calankii.com/en/relations/united-kingdom.md): UK–Somalia relations: British Somaliland, the 1963 break, the 2013 embassy, London conferences, aid, trade, Somaliland and the UN pen.
- [Somalia and the United Nations](https://calankii.com/en/relations/un.md): Somalia at the UN since 1960: membership, Security Council seats, UNOSOM, UNPOS, UNSOM and UNTMIS, envoys, key resolutions, and the Somaliland question.
- [Somalia and the United States](https://calankii.com/en/relations/united-states.md): US–Somalia relations, 1960 to 2026: ambassadors, the 1991 embassy closure, 2013 recognition, aid, debt relief, remittances and Somaliland.
- [Somalia and Turkey](https://calankii.com/en/relations/turkey.md): Somalia and Turkey: Ottoman links, Erdoğan's 2011 visit, the embassy, port, airport and hospital, the 2024 sea and oil deals, the Ankara Declaration.
- [Somalia and Sweden](https://calankii.com/en/relations/sweden.md): Sweden and Somalia: recognition in 1960, ambassadors since 1961, the Nairobi Somalia Section, Sida aid strategies, trade and the 2026 visa curbs.
- [Somalia and the UAE](https://calankii.com/en/relations/uae.md): Somalia and the UAE: Dubai trade, DP World at Berbera and Bosaso, Puntland and Jubaland ties, the 2018 cash seizure and the 2026 cancellation of agreements.
- [Somalia and Denmark](https://calankii.com/en/relations/denmark.md): Denmark and Somalia: the 1981 loan, Danish aid since 1980, the Hargeisa and Mogadishu offices, the DKK 1.1 billion 2024–2028 framework and Somaliland policy.
- [Somalia and Qatar](https://calankii.com/en/relations/qatar.md): Somalia and Qatar: embassies, the 2015 and 2018 agreements, the Hobyo port project, aid through QFFD and Qatar Charity, the 2026 defence deal.
- [Somalia and Finland](https://calankii.com/en/relations/finland.md): Finland and Somalia: relations since 1971, Finnish aid, peace mediation through Suldaan Said Ahmed and Finn Church Aid, trade, and the Somali community.
- [Somalia and Saudi Arabia](https://calankii.com/en/relations/saudi-arabia.md): Somalia and Saudi Arabia: relations since 1960, the livestock trade, aid, the 2013–2014 deportations, the 2016 break with Iran and the 2026 military pact.
- [Somalia and Oman](https://calankii.com/en/relations/oman.md): Somalia and Oman: Omani rule over the Banaadir coast, relations since 1980, the 1983 air agreement, and trade in livestock and goods.
- [Somalia and Spain](https://calankii.com/en/relations/spain.md): Spain and Somalia: the Alakrana case, Atalanta's Rota headquarters, EU training mission, ambassador accreditation in 2012, visits, trade and aid.
- [Somalia and Belgium](https://calankii.com/en/relations/belgium.md): Belgium and Somalia: relations since 1960, Belgian troops in Kismayo in 1993, the 2013 Brussels New Deal conference, trade and aid.
- [Somalia and Kuwait](https://calankii.com/en/relations/kuwait.md): Somalia and Kuwait: relations since 1964, the Kuwait Fund loans and debt relief, the 1990 Gulf War, aid and trade.
- [Somalia and Iran](https://calankii.com/en/relations/iran.md): Somalia and Iran: Persian traders on the coast, relations from 1972, the 2016 break, trade, charcoal shipments through Iran and piracy.
- [Somalia and Ireland](https://calankii.com/en/relations/ireland.md): Ireland and Somalia: Irish troops in Baidoa 1993–94, EUTM Somalia, Irish Aid via Concern and Trócaire, the Nairobi embassy and trade.
- [Somalia and Canada](https://calankii.com/en/relations/canada.md): Canada–Somalia relations: 1968 ties, the 1993 Belet Huen deployment and Somalia Inquiry, 2013 restoration, aid, trade and Somali Canadians in public life.
- [Somalia and Egypt](https://calankii.com/en/relations/egypt.md): Egypt and Somalia from Punt to 2026: the 1957 killing of Kamal al-Din Salah, the 2024 defence protocol, trade, flights and Somaliland.
- [Somalia and Italy](https://calankii.com/en/relations/italy.md): Italy–Somalia relations: colony and trusteeship, 1960s aid, the 1990s Ibis mission, the 2014 embassy, EU training command, trade and aid.
- [Somalia and Japan](https://calankii.com/en/relations/japan.md): Japan–Somalia relations: the Tokyo embassy of 1982 to 1990, the 2014 Abe–Hassan Sheikh meeting, JICA projects, aid by year and anti-piracy work.
- [Somalia and the African Union](https://calankii.com/en/relations/african-union.md): Somalia and the AU since 1963: membership, the AMISOM, ATMIS and AUSSOM missions, envoys, key Peace and Security Council decisions, funding gaps and Somaliland.
- [Somalia and Uganda](https://calankii.com/en/relations/uganda.md): Uganda and Somalia from the 1972 Mogadishu Agreement to 2026: AU troops since 2007, the Joint Permanent Commission, trade, students and Somaliland.
- [Somalia and Tanzania](https://calankii.com/en/relations/tanzania.md): Tanzania and Somalia: Somali Bantu roots, the 1972 Mogadishu Agreement, the 2024 state visit, nine agreements, Air Tanzania, trade and the EAC.
- [Somalia and Burundi](https://calankii.com/en/relations/burundi.md): Burundi and Somalia: AU troops since 2007, the 2024 dispute over AUSSOM numbers, presidential visits to Bujumbura, trade and the Jowhar contingent.
- [Somalia and Rwanda](https://calankii.com/en/relations/rwanda.md): Rwanda and Somalia: the 2005 AU mission to Somaliland, air services deal, Kagame and Hassan Sheikh, the 2025 cooperation agreement, trade and evacuees.
- [Somalia and South Africa](https://calankii.com/en/relations/south-africa.md): South Africa and Somalia: 2012 diplomatic relations, the Pretoria embassy, ministers and envoys, trade, aid, Somaliland contacts and attacks on Somali traders.
- [Somalia and Libya](https://calankii.com/en/relations/libya.md): Libya and Somalia: the 1974 Kismayo airport loan, the 1977 and 1981 breaks, Gaddafi and the transitional government, the 2025 Tripoli visit and migration.
- [Somalia and France](https://calankii.com/en/relations/france.md): France–Somalia relations: Djibouti and the 1960s, the Nairobi embassy, EU missions, debt, trade, Somaliland projects and UN positions.
- [Somalia and IGAD](https://calankii.com/en/relations/igad.md): Somalia in IGAD: founding member since 1986, the IGAD mission in Mogadishu, the people who lead it, recent statements on Somali politics, and Somaliland.
- [Somalia and India](https://calankii.com/en/relations/india.md): India–Somalia relations: Indian Ocean trade, ties since 1960, UNOSOM II, US$800 million a year in trade, scholarships, aid and Operation Sankalp.
- [Somalia and Israel](https://calankii.com/en/relations/israel.md): Somalia and Israel: no relations since 1960, Israel's 26 December 2025 recognition of Somaliland, embassies, envoys and the reactions.
- [Somalia and Sierra Leone](https://calankii.com/en/relations/sierra-leone.md): Somalia–Sierra Leone relations: the 2013–2015 AMISOM battalion in Kismayo, Ebola withdrawal, Sierra Leonean police chiefs of AMISOM and ATMIS, UN votes.
- [Somalia and Germany](https://calankii.com/en/relations/germany.md): Germany–Somalia relations: ties since 1960, the 1977 Landshut rescue in Mogadishu, aid of about €546 million, federal support, trade and refugees.
- [Somalia and Jordan](https://calankii.com/en/relations/jordan.md): Somalia and Jordan: relations since 1967, ambassadors, the Aqaba Process, the 2025 defence deal, trade, and Jordan's position on Somaliland.
- [Somalia and Pakistan](https://calankii.com/en/relations/pakistan.md): Pakistan–Somalia relations: OIC ties, Pakistani troops in UNOSOM, rice trade, Somali students, the Karachi consulate and the 2026 security talks.
- [Somalia and the Arab League](https://calankii.com/en/relations/arab-league.md): Somalia in the Arab League since 1974: why it joined, Arab aid and loans, debt talks with Arab funds, and the League's stance on Somaliland in 2025.
- [Somalia and Bahrain](https://calankii.com/en/relations/bahrain.md): Somalia and Bahrain: relations since 1972, ambassadors, 2011–2012 aid projects, livestock trade, the 2018 Gulf dispute and Somaliland.
- [Somalia and Iraq](https://calankii.com/en/relations/iraq.md): Somalia and Iraq: relations since 1966, the Jasiira refinery, the 1990 Gulf War split, the Baghdad embassy, debt, visits and Somaliland.
- [Somalia and Syria](https://calankii.com/en/relations/syria.md): Somalia and Syria: relations since 1964, Syrian pilots in the 1977 war, Somali refugees in Syria, the 2025 ambassador and Syria's position on Somaliland.
- [Somalia and Palestine](https://calankii.com/en/relations/palestine.md): Somalia and Palestine: recognition in 1988, envoys, Somali support at the UN and Arab League, Gaza aid, and the Somaliland and displacement dispute.
- [Somalia and Malaysia](https://calankii.com/en/relations/malaysia.md): Malaysia–Somalia relations: UNOSOM II, palm oil and dairy exports, Somali students and refugees in Malaysia, and the 2025 education delegation.
- [Somalia and Russia](https://calankii.com/en/relations/russia.md): Russia–Somalia relations: Soviet arms and advisers from 1962, Berbera, the 1974 treaty, the 1977 break, wheat trade and UN positions.
- [Somalia and the OIC](https://calankii.com/en/relations/oic.md): Somalia in the OIC since 1969: the Rabat summit, the 2011 famine office, the contact group, Islamic Development Bank loans and the Somaliland resolutions.
- [Somalia and Bangladesh](https://calankii.com/en/relations/bangladesh.md): Somalia–Bangladesh relations: UNOSOM troops, the Jahan Moni and MV Abdullah piracy cases, trade in food and sugar, envoys and talks from 2021 to 2026.
- [Somalia and Morocco](https://calankii.com/en/relations/morocco.md): Somalia and Morocco: relations since 1979, the 2019 MoUs, the 2026–2028 roadmap, 120 scholarships a year, Western Sahara, trade and Somaliland.
- [Somalia and the EAC](https://calankii.com/en/relations/eac.md): Somalia in the East African Community: the 2012 application, admission in 2023, full membership on 4 March 2024, the people who led it, and Somaliland.
- [Somalia and the Netherlands](https://calankii.com/en/relations/netherlands.md): Netherlands–Somalia relations: focus-country aid, the 2023–2026 strategy, the Nairobi embassy and Mogadishu consul, trade and the Somali Dutch.
- [Somalia and Algeria](https://calankii.com/en/relations/algeria.md): Somalia and Algeria: relations since 1974, the 2025 agreements and state visit, scholarships, debt forgiveness, the UN Security Council and Somaliland.
- [Somalia and Tunisia](https://calankii.com/en/relations/tunisia.md): Somalia and Tunisia: relations since 1969, envoys, ministerial meetings, trade, and Tunisia's position on Somaliland.
- [Somalia and Switzerland](https://calankii.com/en/relations/switzerland.md): Switzerland–Somalia relations: recognition in 1960, the Nairobi-based programme, CHF 112 million for 2026–2029, trade, scholarships and Somalis in Switzerland.
- [Somalia and the European Union](https://calankii.com/en/relations/european-union.md): Somalia and the EU: EEC association, Operation Atalanta from 2008, EUTM and EUCAP Somalia, the EU Special Representative, aid and debt relief, and Somaliland.
- [Somalia and the World Bank](https://calankii.com/en/relations/world-bank.md): Somalia and the World Bank: projects since 1965, the 1991 break, arrears cleared in 2020, HIPC debt relief and a US$2.34 billion portfolio.
- [Somalia and the IMF](https://calankii.com/en/relations/imf.md): Somalia and the IMF since 1962: quota, 16 lending arrangements, arrears, the 2020 to 2023 debt relief, the current ECF and the people who led it.
- [Somalia and Australia](https://calankii.com/en/relations/australia.md): Somalia and Australia: 1978 fisheries help, UN missions and Operation Solace, relations since 2010, aid by year, trade and Somali Australians.
- [Somalia and Brazil](https://calankii.com/en/relations/brazil.md): Somalia and Brazil: relations since 1987, accreditation from Nairobi, and sugar and chicken exports of US$126 to 175 million a year.
- [Somalia and Cuba](https://calankii.com/en/relations/cuba.md): Somalia and Cuba: 1970s ties, Cuban advisers in Somalia, Castro's 1977 mediation, the switch to Ethiopia in the Ogaden War and the November 1977 break.
- [Somalia and Indonesia](https://calankii.com/en/relations/indonesia.md): Somalia and Indonesia: relations since 1960, the Nairobi embassy, UN peacekeeping in the 1990s, and palm oil and clothing exports worth US$163 million in 2025.
- [Somalia and North Korea](https://calankii.com/en/relations/north-korea.md): Somalia and North Korea: relations since 1967, Siad Barre's visit, the joint 1991 escape from Mogadishu, and UN sanctions panel findings.
- [Somalia and South Korea](https://calankii.com/en/relations/south-korea.md): Somalia and South Korea: relations since 1987, the 1991 Mogadishu escape, ambassadors, the Cheonghae anti-piracy unit, trade, KOICA aid and UN positions.
- [Somalia and Taiwan](https://calankii.com/en/relations/taiwan.md): Somalia, Somaliland and Taiwan: the 2020 representative offices, each side's stated position, China's statements, the 2025 travel-document ban, aid and trade.