# Livestock vaccination in Somalia: PPR and CCPP

> Mass vaccination of Somali sheep and goats: what PPR and CCPP are, the 2012 PPR campaign and its results, the 2020 CCPP campaign, costs, donors and regions.

Source page: https://calankii.com/en/economy/livestock-vaccination-ppr-and-ccpp/
Last checked: 2026-11-13
Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com)

## Two diseases of sheep and goats

- **Peste des petits ruminants (PPR)** is a viral disease of sheep and goats, often called goat plague. It spreads fast through flocks.
- **Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP)** is a bacterial lung disease of goats.

Sheep and goats are most of Somalia's herd and of its exports, so these diseases hit both herders and trade. See [How many livestock does Somalia have?](/en/economy/livestock-numbers-in-somalia/).

## The 2012 PPR campaign

In 2012 the FAO ran a PPR vaccination campaign across the whole country, in five zones: Banadir, central, north-eastern, north-western and southern. About **20 million sheep and goats**, some **60 percent** of the estimated national small-ruminant population, were targeted ([Pastoralism journal, 2018](https://pastoralismjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13570-018-0122-8)).

A blood study afterwards found that the share of animals with protection against PPR rose from **62 to 76 percent**. The full cost of vaccinating was estimated at **USD 0.28 per animal** (same source). The FAO helped Somalia draw up a **15-year phased strategy** to control and possibly eradicate PPR (same source). A joint FAO and OIE report noted that no new PPR outbreaks had been reported in Somalia since the campaigns began in 2012 ([WOAH Africa, PPR advocacy paper](https://rr-africa.woah.org/app/uploads/2000/11/ppr-advocacy-en.pdf)).

## The 2020 CCPP campaign

From late January to the end of April 2020, during COVID-19, floods and insecurity, **14.5 million goats** were vaccinated against CCPP across Somalia, and **3.5 million** animals were treated for parasites, infections and wounds in Banadir, [Puntland](/en/states/puntland/) and [Somaliland](/en/states/somaliland-1991-to-2026/) ([UN Somalia, 19 June 2020](https://somalia.un.org/en/node/50359)).

- **Cost:** a CCPP vaccine dose cost about USD 0.40, while replacing a goat that died of the disease cost USD 40 to 50.
- **Where:** areas included [Bari](/en/regions/bari/) (around Qardho), [Togdheer](/en/regions/togdheer/), Middle [Juba](/en/economy/farming-and-harvests/) near the Lower Juba and [Gedo](/en/regions/gedo/) borders, and Middle Shabelle.
- **Who paid:** the UK's DFID bought the 14.5 million doses and paid for work in the south and centre; USAID paid for Somaliland and Puntland; the EU's ECHO co-funded central Somalia; Germany paid for medicines and equipment.

All from the same [UN Somalia report](https://somalia.un.org/en/node/50359), which also says livestock makes up about 40 percent of GDP and involves up to 60 percent of the workforce.

## Disease and trade

Gulf buyers have stopped Somali animals over disease before, most recently from 2016. Healthy, vaccinated animals are a condition for export. See [Gulf bans on Somali livestock](/en/economy/gulf-bans-on-somali-livestock/) and [Rinderpest in Somalia](/en/economy/rinderpest-in-somalia/).

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