# Every page, A to Z | Calankii Source page: https://calankii.com/en/a-z/ Publisher: Calankii (https://calankii.com) # Every page, A to Z All 108 pages on Calankii, in alphabetical order. Last checked **2026-11-12** ## 1 - [1991–1999: Collapse, local peacemaking, UN era and faction talks](https://calankii.com/en/history/rebuilding-1991-1999/) ## 2 - [2000–2006: Transitional governments and the rise of the courts](https://calankii.com/en/history/rebuilding-2000-2006/) - [2007–2012: Insurgency, Djibouti process, and the end of transition](https://calankii.com/en/history/rebuilding-2007-2012/) ## A - [A stock exchange and Islamic finance](https://calankii.com/en/forces/a-stock-exchange-and-islamic-finance/) - [African startup money rebounding](https://calankii.com/en/forces/african-startup-money-rebounding/) - [AI brainpower got cheap](https://calankii.com/en/forces/ai-brainpower-got-cheap/) - [AI now works on basic phones](https://calankii.com/en/forces/ai-now-works-on-basic-phones/) - [Australia](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/australia/) - [Awdal](https://calankii.com/en/regions/awdal/) ## B - [Bakool](https://calankii.com/en/regions/bakool/) - [Bari (Bosaso)](https://calankii.com/en/regions/bari/) - [Bay](https://calankii.com/en/regions/bay/) - [Birmingham (Somali diaspora)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/birmingham/) - [Botswana (1966): a new system that brought prosperity](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/botswana/) - [Bristol (Somali diaspora)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/bristol/) ## C - [Calgary, Alberta, Canada](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/calgary/) - [Carried the banner: every generation since 1895](https://calankii.com/en/history/carried-the-banner-since-1895/) - [Cities booming](https://calankii.com/en/forces/cities-booming/) - [Cities getting safer and reconnecting](https://calankii.com/en/forces/cities-getting-safer-and-reconnecting/) - [Civilian era, 1960–1969](https://calankii.com/en/history/civilian-era-1960-1969/) - [Collapse, 1991–2000](https://calankii.com/en/history/collapse-1991-2000/) ## D - [Debt relief opened the doors](https://calankii.com/en/forces/debt-relief-opened-the-doors/) - [Denmark (Somali diaspora)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/denmark/) - [Digital ID and eKYC](https://calankii.com/en/forces/digital-id-and-ekyc/) - [Djibouti](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/djibouti/) - [Dubai (1985 to 2004): a new system that brought prosperity](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/dubai/) - [Dutch Republic, 1579 to 1648](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/dutch-republic-1579-to-1648/) ## E - [Edmonton, Alberta, Canada](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/edmonton/) - [Estonia (1991): a new system that brought prosperity](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/estonia/) - [Ethiopia (Somali refugees and the Somali Region)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/ethiopia/) ## F - [Fascist rule and the war, 1923–1941](https://calankii.com/en/history/fascist-rule-and-the-war-1923-1941/) - [Finland (Somali diaspora)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/finland/) - [Finland 1917 and Ireland 1922](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/finland-1917-and-ireland-1922/) - [Free open AI models caught up](https://calankii.com/en/forces/free-open-ai-models-caught-up/) ## G - [Galgaduud (Dhusamareeb)](https://calankii.com/en/regions/galgaduud/) - [Gedo](https://calankii.com/en/regions/gedo/) - [Germany (Somali diaspora)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/germany/) ## H - [Hiiraan](https://calankii.com/en/regions/hiiraan/) - [How fast startups reached people on basic phones](https://calankii.com/en/forces/how-startups-reached-people-on-basic-phones/) ## I - [Independence and union, 26 June – 1 July 1960](https://calankii.com/en/history/independence-and-union-26-june-1-july-1960/) - [Islamist movements and transitional governments, 2000–2012](https://calankii.com/en/history/islamist-movements-and-transitional-governments-2000-2012/) - [Israel, 1948](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/israel-1948/) ## K - [Kenya (Eastleigh, Dadaab, North Eastern Kenya)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/kenya/) ## L - [London (Somali diaspora)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/london/) - [Lower Juba](https://calankii.com/en/regions/lower-juba/) - [Lower Shabelle](https://calankii.com/en/regions/lower-shabelle/) ## M - [Malaysia, 1957](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/malaysia-1957/) - [Medieval and early modern polities, 1300s–1700s (Mogadishu, Ifat/Adal, Ajuran)](https://calankii.com/en/history/medieval-and-early-modern-polities-1300s-1700s/) - [Medina under the Prophet (peace be upon him), 622](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/medina-under-the-prophet-622/) - [Mehmet II, Ottoman state after 1453](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/mehmet-ii-ottoman-state-after-1453/) - [Meiji Japan, 1868](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/meiji-japan-1868/) - [Middle Juba](https://calankii.com/en/regions/middle-juba/) - [Middle Shabelle](https://calankii.com/en/regions/middle-shabelle/) - [Minneapolis–St Paul (Twin Cities), Minnesota, USA](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/minneapolis-st-paul/) - [Mobile money is the road to everyone](https://calankii.com/en/forces/mobile-money-is-the-road-to-everyone/) - [Mogadishu (Banadir)](https://calankii.com/en/regions/mogadishu/) - [Mu'awiya, Umayyad state from 661](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/mu-awiya-umayyad-state-from-661/) - [Mudug (Galkayo)](https://calankii.com/en/regions/mudug/) ## N - [Nationalist era, 1943–1960 (SYL, SNL, NUF, HDM)](https://calankii.com/en/history/nationalist-era-1943-1960/) - [Netherlands (Somali diaspora)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/netherlands/) - [Norway (Somali diaspora)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/norway/) - [Nugaal (Garowe)](https://calankii.com/en/regions/nugaal/) ## O - [One national payment system](https://calankii.com/en/forces/one-national-payment-system/) - [Online work worldwide](https://calankii.com/en/forces/online-work-worldwide/) - [Other UK cities: Cardiff, Leicester, Manchester (Somali diaspora)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/uk-other-cities/) - [Other US Somali communities](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/us-other/) - [Ottawa, Ontario, Canada](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/ottawa/) ## P - [Partition, 1884–1926](https://calankii.com/en/history/partition-1884-1926/) - [Phones getting cheaper](https://calankii.com/en/forces/phones-getting-cheaper/) - [Proof from those who built first](https://calankii.com/en/forces/proof-from-those-who-built-first/) - [Proven tools from successful states](https://calankii.com/en/forces/proven-tools-from-successful-states/) ## R - [Radio and the spoken word](https://calankii.com/en/forces/radio-and-the-spoken-word/) - [Record money coming home](https://calankii.com/en/forces/record-money-coming-home/) - [Resistance, 1890s–1945 (Banaadir, Dervishes, Hassan Barsane, Sheikh Bashir)](https://calankii.com/en/history/resistance-1890s-1945/) - [Rwanda (1994): a new system that brought prosperity](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/rwanda/) ## S - [Sanaag](https://calankii.com/en/regions/sanaag/) - [Saudi Arabia](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/saudi-arabia/) - [Seattle and South King County, Washington, USA](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/seattle/) - [Shenzhen (1980): a new system that brought prosperity](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/shenzhen/) - [Siad Barre era, 1969–1991](https://calankii.com/en/history/siad-barre-era-1969-1991/) - [Singapore (1965): a new system that brought prosperity](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/singapore/) - [Social media and LinkedIn growing fast](https://calankii.com/en/forces/social-media-and-linkedin-growing-fast/) - [Somali language tech exists](https://calankii.com/en/forces/somali-language-tech-exists/) - [Somalia and the outside powers](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/the-horn/) - [Somalia today](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/somalia-today/) - [Somaliland, 1991 to 2026, in brief](https://calankii.com/en/states/somaliland-1991-to-2026/) - [Sool (Las Anod)](https://calankii.com/en/regions/sool/) - [South Africa (Western Cape and elsewhere)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/south-africa/) - [South Korea 1948 and Taiwan 1949](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/south-korea-1948-and-taiwan-1949/) - [Sultanates, the coast and customary law, 1700s–1880s (Geledi, Isaaq, Majeerteen, Hobyo, Bardera, xeer)](https://calankii.com/en/history/sultanates-the-coast-and-customary-law-1700s-1880s/) - [Sweden (Somali diaspora)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/sweden/) ## T - [Tailwinds: digital ID, mobile money, data exchange and AI](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/digital-id-mobile-money-and-ai/) - [Telcos open their pipes to builders](https://calankii.com/en/forces/telcos-open-their-pipes-to-builders/) - [The federal member states: how each was formed](https://calankii.com/en/states/federal-member-states/) - [The moment](https://calankii.com/en/forces/the-moment/) - [The youngest country](https://calankii.com/en/forces/the-youngest-country/) - [Timeline: the 1300s to independence in 1960](https://calankii.com/en/history/timeline-1300s-to-1960/) - [Timeline: the Federal Republic, 2012 to November 2026](https://calankii.com/en/history/timeline-2012-to-2026/) - [Togdheer (Burao)](https://calankii.com/en/regions/togdheer/) - [Toronto (and the Greater Toronto Area), Ontario, Canada](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/toronto/) - [Türkiye](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/turkiye/) ## U - [UAE (Dubai)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/uae-dubai/) - [UAE federation (1971): a new system that brought prosperity](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/uae-federation/) - [Umar ibn al-Khattab, 634 to 644](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/umar-ibn-al-khattab-634-to-644/) - [United States, 1789](https://calankii.com/en/lessons/united-states-1789/) ## W - [What held us back: seven forces that repeat across 130 years](https://calankii.com/en/history/what-held-us-back/) - [Woqooyi Galbeed (Hargeisa, Berbera)](https://calankii.com/en/regions/woqooyi-galbeed/) ## Y - [Yemen (Somali refugees)](https://calankii.com/en/diaspora/yemen/) Last checked 2026-11-12 **Seen a mistake?** Fix this page ## Toosoo! Since 1895, every generation has worked for one united, prosperous Somalia. Now it is our generation. Can you help with Every page, A to Z? Tell us what you can give. I want to help with this [All the ways to help](https://calankii.com/en/join/)