[
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-business-establishments-2024.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-business-establishments-2024.csv",
  "title": "Businesses in Somalia: the 2024 business establishment census",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/business-establishments-2024/",
  "columns": [
   "snbs_table",
   "item",
   "measure",
   "value",
   "unit",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "Establishments by type",
   "Establishments by activity",
   "Establishments by town",
   "Establishments by legal status",
   "Establishments by size",
   "Owners by age and nationality",
   "Workers by region, activity and sex"
  ],
  "period": "2024",
  "area": "16 towns in Somalia and Somaliland",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "SNBS, SIBEC 2024 report",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Business-Establishment-Census-Report-SIBEC-2024-29-12-2024.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, census page",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/somalia-integrated-business-establishment-censussibec-2024/"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Facts and Figures 2024",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Facts-and-figures-2024.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Business Establishment Analysis Booklet",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Somalia-Business-Establishment-Analysis-Bookle.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank Microdata Library, Somalia Enterprise Survey 2025",
    "url": "https://microdata.worldbank.org/catalog/8119"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-gdp-2018-2024.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-gdp-2018-2024.csv",
  "title": "Somalia's GDP 2018 to 2024: the national accounts tables",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/gdp-national-accounts-2018-2024/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "gdp_current_usd_m",
   "gdp_per_capita_usd",
   "real_gdp_growth_pct",
   "gdp_constant_usd_m",
   "household_consumption_m",
   "government_consumption_m",
   "investment_gfcf_m",
   "exports_goods_services_m",
   "livestock_exports_m",
   "imports_goods_services_m",
   "gross_national_disposable_income_m",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "GDP current US$",
   "GDP per capita",
   "Real GDP growth",
   "Household consumption",
   "Government consumption",
   "Investment",
   "Exports",
   "Imports",
   "Disposable income"
  ],
  "period": "2018/2024",
  "area": "Somalia (federal statistics)",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Facts and Figures 2024",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Facts-and-figures-2024.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, Annual Report 2025",
    "url": "https://centralbank.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Annual-Report_2025.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD, via Our World in Data",
    "url": "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gdp-per-capita-worldbank?country=~SOM"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-gu-deyr-rainfall-1950-2023.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-gu-deyr-rainfall-1950-2023.csv",
  "title": "The Gu and Deyr rains, 1950 to 2023: every rainy season in numbers",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/gu-and-deyr-rains-1950-2023/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "gu_apr_jun_mm",
   "gu_pct_of_1991_2020",
   "deyr_oct_dec_mm",
   "deyr_pct_of_1991_2020",
   "annual_mm",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "Gu rainfall (mm)",
   "Gu as % of 1991-2020",
   "Deyr rainfall (mm)",
   "Deyr as % of 1991-2020",
   "Annual rainfall (mm)"
  ],
  "period": "1950/2023",
  "area": "Somalia (national average)",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal, ERA5",
    "url": "https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/somalia/era5-historical"
   },
   {
    "title": "ECMWF, ERA5",
    "url": "https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/dataset/ecmwf-reanalysis-v5"
   },
   {
    "title": "WMO, August 2022",
    "url": "https://wmo.int/media/news/greater-horn-of-africa-faces-5th-failed-rainy-season"
   },
   {
    "title": "2011 East Africa drought, Wikipedia",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_East_Africa_drought"
   },
   {
    "title": "Hiiraan Online, 2014",
    "url": "https://hiiraan.com/op4/2014/Oct/56713/the_approaching_risk_of_another_famine_in_somalia.aspx"
   },
   {
    "title": "Yeheb",
    "url": "https://www.yeheb.org/drought-context-vulnerability-solutions-muna-ismail/"
   },
   {
    "title": "FEWS NET, Somalia",
    "url": "https://fews.net/east-africa/somalia"
   },
   {
    "title": "FAO FSNAU",
    "url": "https://fsnau.org/"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-health-1990-2025.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-health-1990-2025.csv",
  "title": "Somalia health numbers since 1990: child deaths, mothers, vaccines, water and life expectancy",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/health-numbers-1990-2025/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "u5",
   "inf",
   "nb",
   "mmr",
   "le",
   "dtp",
   "mcv1",
   "water",
   "san",
   "stunt",
   "tb",
   "uhc"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "Under-five deaths",
   "Infant deaths",
   "Newborn deaths",
   "Maternal deaths",
   "Life expectancy",
   "DTP3",
   "Measles",
   "Basic water",
   "Basic sanitation",
   "Stunting",
   "TB",
   "UHC index"
  ],
  "period": "1990/2025",
  "area": "Somalia",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "WHO Global Health Observatory",
    "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN IGME, childmortality.org",
    "url": "https://childmortality.org/all-cause-mortality/data?refArea=SOM"
   },
   {
    "title": "JMP, washdata.org",
    "url": "https://washdata.org/data/household#!/som"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN IGME via WHO GHO",
    "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/under-five-mortality-rate-(probability-of-dying-by-age-5-per-1000-live-births"
   },
   {
    "title": "WHO GHO, JME estimates",
    "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/gho-jme-stunting-prevalence"
   },
   {
    "title": "WHO GHO, immunization",
    "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/immunization"
   },
   {
    "title": "WHO and UN MMEIG via WHO GHO",
    "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/maternal-mortality-ratio-(per-100-000-live-births"
   },
   {
    "title": "WHO GHO, life expectancy",
    "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/mortality-and-global-health-estimates/ghe-life-expectancy-and-healthy-life-expectancy"
   },
   {
    "title": "WHO National Health Workforce Accounts via GHO",
    "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/health-workforce"
   },
   {
    "title": "WHO GHO, UHC index",
    "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/uhc-index-of-service-coverage"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-health-facility-records-2020-2024.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-health-facility-records-2020-2024.csv",
  "title": "What Somalia's public clinics see: health facility records 2020 to 2024",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/health-facility-records-2020-2024/",
  "columns": [
   "category",
   "indicator",
   "2020",
   "2021",
   "2022",
   "2023",
   "2024",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "Outpatient cases",
   "Inpatient cases",
   "Antenatal visits",
   "Births",
   "Vaccine doses"
  ],
  "period": "2020/2024",
  "area": "Somalia (public facilities)",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Somalia Facts and Figures 2024, Tables 1.9 to 1.13",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Facts-and-figures-2024.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "WHO, antenatal care recommendations, 2016",
    "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241549912"
   },
   {
    "title": "WHO GHO, immunization",
    "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/immunization"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-imports-exports-by-product-2022-2024.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-imports-exports-by-product-2022-2024.csv",
  "title": "What Somalia buys and sells: imports and exports by product, 2022 to 2024",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/imports-and-exports-by-product-2022-2024/",
  "columns": [
   "flow",
   "product",
   "year",
   "period",
   "value",
   "unit",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "Imports by product group",
   "Exports by product group",
   "Khat imports",
   "Goods exports and imports in the balance of payments"
  ],
  "period": "2018/2024",
  "area": "Somalia",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Facts and Figures 2024, tables 2.12 to 2.14",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Facts-and-figures-2024.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS reports page",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/category/reports/"
   },
   {
    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, Annual Report 2025",
    "url": "https://centralbank.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Annual-Report_2025.pdf"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-justice-and-governance-2024.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-justice-and-governance-2024.csv",
  "title": "Justice, crime and government in Somalia: the official numbers",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/justice-and-governance-numbers/",
  "columns": [
   "table",
   "item",
   "measure",
   "value",
   "unit",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "Cases at the Attorney General's offices",
   "Women in parliament and cabinet",
   "Civil servants by state and sex",
   "Share of homicides and reported crimes by state",
   "Violations against journalists"
  ],
  "period": "2006/2024",
  "area": "Somalia, by federal member state and Somaliland",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Facts and Figures 2024, tables 2.19 to 2.25",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Facts-and-figures-2024.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Facts and Figures 2022",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN Somalia",
    "url": "https://somalia.un.org/en/node/172528"
   },
   {
    "title": "RSF",
    "url": "https://rsf.org/en/somalia"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-phones-internet-2000-2024.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-phones-internet-2000-2024.csv",
  "title": "How many Somalis have a phone and use the internet? The numbers since 2000",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/phones-and-internet-numbers/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "mobile_subscriptions_per_100",
   "internet_users_pct",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "Mobile subscriptions per 100 people",
   "Internet users (% of people)",
   "Phone ownership 15+",
   "Internet use 10+"
  ],
  "period": "2000/2024",
  "area": "Somalia",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "SNBS, SIHBS 2022 report",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/SOMALIA-INTEGRATED-HOUSEHOLD-BUDGET-SURVEY.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank, IT.NET.USER.ZS",
    "url": "https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS?locations=SO"
   },
   {
    "title": "Our World in Data, internet users",
    "url": "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-individuals-using-the-internet?country=~SOM"
   },
   {
    "title": "Our World in Data, mobile subscriptions",
    "url": "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/mobile-cellular-subscriptions-per-100-people?country=~SOM"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank, IT.CEL.SETS.P2",
    "url": "https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.CEL.SETS.P2?locations=SO"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-rain-by-region-1991-2023.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-rain-by-region-1991-2023.csv",
  "title": "Rain by region in Somalia, 1991 to 2023: the Gu and Deyr in 18 towns",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/rain-by-region-1991-2023/",
  "columns": [
   "region",
   "town",
   "grid_lat",
   "grid_lon",
   "year",
   "gu_mm",
   "gu_pct_1991_2020",
   "deyr_mm",
   "deyr_pct_1991_2020",
   "annual_mm"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "Gu rainfall (mm)",
   "Gu as % of 1991-2020",
   "Deyr rainfall (mm)",
   "Deyr as % of 1991-2020",
   "Annual rainfall (mm)"
  ],
  "period": "1991/2023",
  "area": "18 regional towns of Somalia",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "ECMWF, ERA5",
    "url": "https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/dataset/ecmwf-reanalysis-v5"
   },
   {
    "title": "Open-Meteo, Historical Weather API",
    "url": "https://open-meteo.com/en/docs/historical-weather-api"
   },
   {
    "title": "2011 East Africa drought, Wikipedia",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_East_Africa_drought"
   },
   {
    "title": "WMO, August 2022",
    "url": "https://wmo.int/media/news/greater-horn-of-africa-faces-5th-failed-rainy-season"
   },
   {
    "title": "FEWS NET, Somalia",
    "url": "https://fews.net/east-africa/somalia"
   },
   {
    "title": "FAO SWALIM",
    "url": "https://www.faoswalim.org/"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-rainfall-temperature-1901-2023.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-rainfall-temperature-1901-2023.csv",
  "title": "Rainfall and temperature in Somalia since 1901: the climate in numbers",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/rainfall-and-temperature-1901-2023/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "rainfall_mm",
   "mean_temperature_c",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "Annual rainfall (mm)",
   "Mean annual temperature (°C)"
  ],
  "period": "1901/2023",
  "area": "Somalia (national average)",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal, Somalia",
    "url": "https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org/country/somalia/climate-data-historical"
   },
   {
    "title": "CRU TS, University of East Anglia",
    "url": "https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/"
   },
   {
    "title": "FEWS NET, Somalia",
    "url": "https://fews.net/east-africa/somalia"
   },
   {
    "title": "WMO, August 2022",
    "url": "https://wmo.int/media/news/greater-horn-of-africa-faces-5th-failed-rainy-season"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-schools-literacy.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-schools-literacy.csv",
  "title": "Schools in Somalia in numbers: enrolment, attendance and literacy",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/schools-and-learning-numbers/",
  "columns": [
   "measure",
   "group",
   "value",
   "unit",
   "year",
   "source",
   "source_url"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "Literacy",
   "School attendance",
   "Completion rate",
   "Primary pupils by region",
   "Secondary pupils"
  ],
  "period": "1971/2025",
  "area": "Somalia",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "SNBS, SIHBS 2022",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/SOMALIA-INTEGRATED-HOUSEHOLD-BUDGET-SURVEY.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Somalia Facts and Figures 2024",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Facts-and-figures-2024.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "UNESCO UIS data, Somalia",
    "url": "https://uis.unesco.org/en/country/so"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-temperature-by-region-1991-2023.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-temperature-by-region-1991-2023.csv",
  "title": "Temperature by region in Somalia, 1991 to 2023: 18 towns",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/temperature-by-region-1991-2023/",
  "columns": [
   "region",
   "town",
   "grid_lat",
   "grid_lon",
   "year",
   "mean_temp_c",
   "diff_from_1991_2020_c",
   "hottest_month",
   "hottest_month_mean_c",
   "coolest_month",
   "coolest_month_mean_c",
   "year_highest_c",
   "year_lowest_c"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "Mean temperature (°C)",
   "Difference from 1991-2020 (°C)",
   "Hottest month mean (°C)",
   "Coolest month mean (°C)",
   "Highest temperature in the year (°C)",
   "Lowest temperature in the year (°C)"
  ],
  "period": "1991/2023",
  "area": "18 regional towns of Somalia",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "NASA POWER",
    "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/"
   },
   {
    "title": "NASA GMAO, MERRA-2",
    "url": "https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/reanalysis/MERRA-2/"
   },
   {
    "title": "FAO SWALIM",
    "url": "https://www.faoswalim.org/"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "data/somalia-travel-and-road-safety-2013-2024.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/data/somalia-travel-and-road-safety-2013-2024.csv",
  "title": "Travel and road safety in Somalia: border crossings and road accidents in numbers",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/data/travel-and-road-safety-numbers/",
  "columns": [
   "table",
   "measure",
   "year",
   "value",
   "unit",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [
   "International arrivals",
   "International departures",
   "Road accident victims in Mogadishu",
   "Road accident deaths in Mogadishu",
   "Vehicles in accidents in Mogadishu",
   "WHO road deaths per 100,000"
  ],
  "period": "2000/2024",
  "area": "Somalia; Mogadishu for road accidents",
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Facts and Figures 2024, tables 1.16 to 1.19",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Facts-and-figures-2024.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "WHO Global Health Observatory, road traffic deaths",
    "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/estimated-road-traffic-death-rate-(per-100-000-population"
   },
   {
    "title": "WHO Global Health Observatory, indicator RS198",
    "url": "https://ghoapi.azureedge.net/api/RS_198"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "economy/balance-of-payments-2018-2025.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/balance-of-payments-2018-2025.csv",
  "title": "Somalia's trade: exports and imports",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/economy/trade-exports-and-imports/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "nominal_gdp_musd",
   "goods_exports_musd",
   "goods_imports_musd",
   "current_account_musd",
   "secondary_income_credit_musd",
   "foreign_direct_investment_musd",
   "external_public_debt_musd",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [],
  "period": null,
  "area": null,
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, Annual Report 2025",
    "url": "https://centralbank.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Annual-Report_2025.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "EAC",
    "url": "https://eac.int/press-releases/3049-somalia-finally-joins-eac-as-the-bloc-s-8th-partner-state"
   },
   {
    "title": "Dawan Africa",
    "url": "https://www.dawan.africa/news/somalia-ratifies-afcfta-becomes-50th-member-and-eyes-made-in-somalia-exports"
   },
   {
    "title": "African Business",
    "url": "https://african.business/2025/03/apo-newsfeed/somalia-joins-afreximbank-as-it-seeks-to-boost-intra-african-trade-and-economic-growth-2"
   },
   {
    "title": "Dawan Africa, July 2026",
    "url": "https://www.dawan.africa/news/somalia-plans-regional-payment-integration-through-instant-payments-system"
   },
   {
    "title": "Eastleigh Voice",
    "url": "https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/somalia/383521/somalia-to-expand-instant-payment-system-with-banks-mobile-money-and-regional-networks"
   },
   {
    "title": "Ministry of Commerce and Industry, 2026",
    "url": "https://moci.gov.so/en//wp-content/uploads/2026/05/NATIONAL-EXPORT-DEVELOPMENT-AND-PROMOTION-STRATEGY-FOR-SOMALIA_Final-Report.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "Anadolu Agency",
    "url": "https://aa.com.tr/en/africa/turkish-firm-modernizes-and-runs-somalia-s-gateway/3700103"
   },
   {
    "title": "Gulf News",
    "url": "https://gulfnews.com/business/dp-world-signs-442m-joint-venture-with-somaliland-1.1825624"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "economy/consumer-prices-monthly-2025-2026.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/consumer-prices-monthly-2025-2026.csv",
  "title": "Prices and the cost of living in Somalia",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/economy/prices-and-inflation/",
  "columns": [
   "month",
   "monthly_change_pct",
   "annual_change_pct",
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   "puntland_annual_pct",
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   "hirshabelle_annual_pct",
   "jubaland_annual_pct",
   "south_west_annual_pct",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [],
  "period": null,
  "area": null,
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Consumer Price Index, September 2026",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/CPI-2026_September.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI December 2025",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/CPI-December-2025.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI May 2026",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/May-CPI-Report-2026.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS monthly reports, 2017 to 2024 archives",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/CPI-2024.zip"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI July 2022, in the 2022 archive",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/CPI-2022.zip"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI June 2019, in the 2019 archive",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/CPI-2019.zip"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI July 2026",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/CPI-_July-2026.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, Annual Report 2025",
    "url": "https://centralbank.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Annual-Report_2025.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "FAO GIEWS, Somalia country brief",
    "url": "https://www.fao.org/giews/countrybrief/country.jsp?code=SOM"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, June 2026 report",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/June-2026-%E2%80%93-REPORT-5.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Inflation Outlook, April 2026",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Somalias-Inflation-Outlook.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "IMF, 5 October 2026",
    "url": "https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2026/10/05/pr26319-somalia-imf-staff-concludes-2026-article-iv-consultation-mission"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank, May 2026",
    "url": "https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2026/05/13/somalia-growth-continues-but-shocks-and-aid-cuts-intensify-risks-to-jobs-and-livelihoods"
   },
   {
    "title": "CFSVA 2026, SNBS, FAO, FSNAU and WFP",
    "url": "https://fsnau.org/downloads/CFSVA-2026-SNBS-FAO-FSNAU-WFP.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI April 2026",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/April-CPI-Report-2026.pdf"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "economy/federal-budget-2020-2025.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/federal-budget-2020-2025.csv",
  "title": "Somalia's federal budget and taxes",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/economy/budget-and-taxes/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "type",
   "total_revenue_and_grants_musd",
   "domestic_revenue_musd",
   "tax_revenue_musd",
   "non_tax_revenue_musd",
   "external_grants_musd",
   "total_expenditure_musd",
   "compensation_of_employees_musd",
   "capital_expenditure_musd",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [],
  "period": null,
  "area": null,
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "Hiiraan Online",
    "url": "https://hiiraan.org/news4/2025/Dec/204011/somalias_parliament_approves_139_billion_national_budget_for_2026.aspx"
   },
   {
    "title": "Garowe Online",
    "url": "https://www.garoweonline.com/en/news/somalia/somalia-s-parliament-approves-1-38-billion-2026-budget-amid-chaos"
   },
   {
    "title": "Garowe Online",
    "url": "https://garoweonline.com/index.php/en/news/somalia/somalia-parliament-approves-1-3b-budget-donors-cover-66-7"
   },
   {
    "title": "The Rio Times, citing SONNA",
    "url": "https://www.riotimesonline.com/somalia-budget-2027-us-1-26-billion-cabinet-2026/"
   },
   {
    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, Annual Report 2025",
    "url": "https://centralbank.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Annual-Report_2025.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "Ministry of Finance, 2025 End-Year Budget Performance Report",
    "url": "https://archive.mof.gov.so/sites/default/files/Publications/FGS%202025%20end-year%20budget%20performance%20report.%20.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "IMF, 5 October 2026",
    "url": "https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2026/10/05/pr26319-somalia-imf-staff-concludes-2026-article-iv-consultation-mission"
   },
   {
    "title": "Dawan Africa",
    "url": "https://www.dawan.africa/news/puntland-cabinet-approves-2027-budget-exceeding-dollar308-million"
   },
   {
    "title": "Horn Diplomat, 29 November 2025",
    "url": "https://www.horndiplomat.com/somaliland-cabinet-endorses-record-424-million-budget-for-2026-citing-strong-revenue-outlook/"
   },
   {
    "title": "Somaliland Standard",
    "url": "https://somalilandstandard.com/the-president-of-the-republic-of-somaliland-issues-a-presidential-decree-on-the-execution-of-the-2026-national-budget"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "economy/federal-domestic-revenue-by-tax-2022-2025.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/federal-domestic-revenue-by-tax-2022-2025.csv",
  "title": "Taxes in Somalia: what people and businesses pay",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/economy/taxes-in-somalia/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "total_domestic_revenue_usd",
   "tax_revenue_usd",
   "income_tax_usd",
   "sales_tax_usd",
   "customs_usd",
   "other_taxes_usd",
   "non_tax_revenue_usd",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [],
  "period": null,
  "area": null,
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "Ministry of Finance, Income Tax Manual, November 2025",
    "url": "https://archive.mof.gov.so/sites/default/files/Publications/Somalia%20Income%20Tax%20Manual_English%20Version.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "Revenue Directorate, Annual Revenue Performance 2025",
    "url": "https://revenuedirectorate.gov.so/sites/default/files/Annual%20Revenue%20Performance_2025_FINAL11_1.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "Somaliland Ministry of Finance Development, tax types",
    "url": "https://www.slmof.org/tax-types/"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "economy/gdp-by-spending-2019-2025.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/gdp-by-spending-2019-2025.csv",
  "title": "Somalia's economy at a glance",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/economy/economy-at-a-glance/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "item",
   "current_prices_musd",
   "share_of_gdp_pct",
   "real_growth_pct",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [],
  "period": null,
  "area": null,
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, Annual Report 2025",
    "url": "https://centralbank.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Annual-Report_2025.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "IMF, 5 October 2026",
    "url": "https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2026/10/05/pr26319-somalia-imf-staff-concludes-2026-article-iv-consultation-mission"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank, 13 May 2026",
    "url": "https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2026/05/13/somalia-growth-continues-but-shocks-and-aid-cuts-intensify-risks-to-jobs-and-livelihoods"
   },
   {
    "title": "Somali National Bureau of Statistics, SIHBS 2022",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/SOMALIA-INTEGRATED-HOUSEHOLD-BUDGET-SURVEY.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "Horn Diplomat, 29 November 2025",
    "url": "https://www.horndiplomat.com/somaliland-cabinet-endorses-record-424-million-budget-for-2026-citing-strong-revenue-outlook/"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, GDP 2025",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/11/Somalia-GDP-2025.pdf"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "economy/humanitarian-funding-by-donor-2017-2026.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/humanitarian-funding-by-donor-2017-2026.csv",
  "title": "Aid to Somalia: how much, from whom, and the 2025 to 2026 cuts",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/economy/aid-and-humanitarian-funding/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "donor",
   "funding_usd",
   "rank",
   "year_total_usd",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [],
  "period": null,
  "area": null,
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, Annual Report 2025",
    "url": "https://centralbank.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Annual-Report_2025.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank, Somalia",
    "url": "https://www.worldbank.org/so"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN Somalia",
    "url": "https://somalia.un.org/en/308876-humanitarian-partners-seek-us852-million-assist-24-million-people-2026"
   },
   {
    "title": "Save the Children, via ReliefWeb",
    "url": "https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/somalia-when-aid-disappears-childhoods-disappear-too"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN Geneva, December 2025",
    "url": "https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/news/2025/12/114250/somalia-funding-cuts-impact-assistance-millions-affected-drought"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN OCHA, Financial Tracking Service",
    "url": "https://fts.unocha.org/countries/206/summary/2025"
   },
   {
    "title": "Dawan Africa",
    "url": "https://www.dawan.africa/news/ocha-somalia-faces-deepening-humanitarian-crisis-amid-drought-and-flood-risks"
   },
   {
    "title": "Dawan Africa",
    "url": "https://www.dawan.africa/news/somalia-gets-dollar16m-as-un-releases-dollar160m-for-underfunded-crises"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank, May 2026",
    "url": "https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2026/05/13/somalia-growth-continues-but-shocks-and-aid-cuts-intensify-risks-to-jobs-and-livelihoods"
   },
   {
    "title": "IMF, October 2026",
    "url": "https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2026/10/05/pr26319-somalia-imf-staff-concludes-2026-article-iv-consultation-mission"
   },
   {
    "title": "TechCabal, June 2026",
    "url": "https://techcabal.com/2026/06/19/techcabal-daily-somalias-accidental-bank/"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank",
    "url": "https://shorthand.worldbankgroup.org/reforms-and-relief-how-somalia-turned-a-page-amid-a-global-debt-crisis/"
   },
   {
    "title": "Green Climate Fund, Somalia",
    "url": "https://www.greenclimate.fund/countries/somalia"
   },
   {
    "title": "Hiiraan Online",
    "url": "https://hiiraan.com/news4/2025/July/202205/u_s_remittance_tax_threatens_1_7_billion_somali_lifeline.aspx"
   },
   {
    "title": "Dawan Africa",
    "url": "https://www.dawan.africa/news/baidoa-hosts-2025-country-humanitarian-forum-as-pressure-mounts-for-somali-led-aid-reform"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN OCHA Financial Tracking Service",
    "url": "https://fts.unocha.org/countries/206/summary/2026"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "economy/inflation-monthly-2017-2024.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/inflation-monthly-2017-2024.csv",
  "title": "Prices and the cost of living in Somalia",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/economy/prices-and-inflation/",
  "columns": [
   "month",
   "annual_change_pct",
   "coverage",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [],
  "period": null,
  "area": null,
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Consumer Price Index, September 2026",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/CPI-2026_September.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI December 2025",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/CPI-December-2025.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI May 2026",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/May-CPI-Report-2026.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS monthly reports, 2017 to 2024 archives",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/CPI-2024.zip"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI July 2022, in the 2022 archive",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/CPI-2022.zip"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI June 2019, in the 2019 archive",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/CPI-2019.zip"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI July 2026",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/CPI-_July-2026.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, Annual Report 2025",
    "url": "https://centralbank.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Annual-Report_2025.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "FAO GIEWS, Somalia country brief",
    "url": "https://www.fao.org/giews/countrybrief/country.jsp?code=SOM"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, June 2026 report",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/June-2026-%E2%80%93-REPORT-5.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, Inflation Outlook, April 2026",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Somalias-Inflation-Outlook.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "IMF, 5 October 2026",
    "url": "https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2026/10/05/pr26319-somalia-imf-staff-concludes-2026-article-iv-consultation-mission"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank, May 2026",
    "url": "https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2026/05/13/somalia-growth-continues-but-shocks-and-aid-cuts-intensify-risks-to-jobs-and-livelihoods"
   },
   {
    "title": "CFSVA 2026, SNBS, FAO, FSNAU and WFP",
    "url": "https://fsnau.org/downloads/CFSVA-2026-SNBS-FAO-FSNAU-WFP.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "SNBS, CPI April 2026",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/April-CPI-Report-2026.pdf"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "economy/population-by-region-2014.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/population-by-region-2014.csv",
  "title": "Population by region 2014",
  "page": null,
  "columns": [
   "region",
   "slug",
   "urban",
   "rural",
   "nomads",
   "idps",
   "total",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [],
  "period": null,
  "area": null,
  "sources": [],
  "updated": null
 },
 {
  "file": "economy/population-somalia-1950-2100.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/population-somalia-1950-2100.csv",
  "title": "How many people live in Somalia? Population, ages and growth",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/economy/population/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "population",
   "type",
   "median_age",
   "births_per_woman",
   "life_expectancy",
   "urban_share_percent",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [],
  "period": null,
  "area": null,
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "UNFPA, World Population Dashboard",
    "url": "https://www.unfpa.org/data/world-population/SO"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank working paper, citing UNFPA PESS 2014",
    "url": "https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/509221549985694077/pdf/WPS8735.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN Somalia, PESS report",
    "url": "https://somalia.un.org/en/download/6916/33489"
   },
   {
    "title": "UNFPA, Population Estimation Survey 2014, Table 2.1",
    "url": "https://somalia.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population-Estimation-Survey-of-Somalia-PESS-2013-2014.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN World Population Prospects 2024, via Our World in Data",
    "url": "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/population-with-un-projections?country=~SOM"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN WPP 2024, via Our World in Data",
    "url": "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/median-age?country=~SOM"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN WPP 2024, via Our World in Data",
    "url": "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/population-young-working-elderly?country=~SOM"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN WPP 2024, via Our World in Data",
    "url": "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?country=~SOM"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN WPP 2024, via Our World in Data",
    "url": "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/life-expectancy?country=~SOM"
   },
   {
    "title": "UN, via Our World in Data",
    "url": "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-of-population-urban?country=~SOM"
   },
   {
    "title": "World Bank blog, April 2025",
    "url": "https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/africacan/five-facts-about-poverty-in-somalia-afe-0425"
   },
   {
    "title": "MENA Startup Digest, August 2026",
    "url": "https://menastartupdigest.com/somalia-launches-national-startup-network-with-three-innovation-hubs/"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 },
 {
  "file": "economy/remittance-inflows-2021-2025.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/remittance-inflows-2021-2025.csv",
  "title": "Money sent home: remittances to Somalia",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/economy/remittances-in-numbers/",
  "columns": [
   "year",
   "channel",
   "individual_remittances_musd",
   "business_transfers_musd",
   "ngo_transfers_musd",
   "other_swift_musd",
   "channel_total_musd",
   "all_channels_total_musd",
   "source"
  ],
  "measures": [],
  "period": null,
  "area": null,
  "sources": [
   {
    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, Annual Report 2025",
    "url": "https://centralbank.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Annual-Report_2025.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "Somali National Bureau of Statistics, SIHBS 2022",
    "url": "https://nbs.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/SOMALIA-INTEGRATED-HOUSEHOLD-BUDGET-SURVEY.pdf"
   },
   {
    "title": "Hiiraan Online, July 2025",
    "url": "https://hiiraan.com/news4/2025/July/202205/u_s_remittance_tax_threatens_1_7_billion_somali_lifeline.aspx"
   },
   {
    "title": "RSM US",
    "url": "https://www.rsmus.com/insights/tax-alerts/2025/excise-tax-on-cross-border-remittances"
   },
   {
    "title": "The East African",
    "url": "https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/business/amid-the-chaos-money-transfer-is-booming-business-in-somalia-1300076"
   },
   {
    "title": "Oxfam",
    "url": "https://www.oxfam.org/en/node/7954"
   },
   {
    "title": "COMPAS, University of Oxford",
    "url": "https://www.compas.ox.ac.uk/2014/saving-the-lifeline-studying-the-somali-diaspora-involvement-in-the-2013-14-campaign"
   },
   {
    "title": "African Business",
    "url": "https://african.business/2025/08/african-banker/reforming-somalias-banking-sector-amid-crisis-and-opportunity"
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  ],
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  "file": "economy/somali-companies-directory.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/somali-companies-directory.csv",
  "title": "Somali banks, insurers and microfinance firms: directory",
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   {
    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, Annual Report 2025",
    "url": "https://centralbank.gov.so/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/Annual-Report_2025.pdf"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banca_per_l%27Africa_Orientale"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia",
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia",
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Somali_Bank"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Somalia"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_Bank_of_Puntland"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Insurance_Company"
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   {
    "title": "How We Made It in Africa, 2016",
    "url": "https://www.howwemadeitinafrica.com/p/insurance-ceo-discusses-somalia-s-misunderstood-business-environment"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Securities_Exchange_of_Somalia"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somali_Stock_Exchange"
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  "file": "economy/somali-shilling-per-us-dollar-2020-2025.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/economy/somali-shilling-per-us-dollar-2020-2025.csv",
  "title": "The Somali shilling and the dollar",
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    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, Annual Report 2025",
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   {
    "title": "TechCabal, June 2026",
    "url": "https://techcabal.com/2026/06/19/techcabal-daily-somalias-accidental-bank/"
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   {
    "title": "Central Bank of Somalia, History",
    "url": "https://centralbank.gov.so/history/"
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    "title": "Wikipedia, Italian Somaliland rupia",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Somaliland_rupia"
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    "title": "Wikipedia, Italian East African lira",
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    "title": "Wikipedia, Somalo",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalo"
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   {
    "title": "Bollettino Ufficiale della Repubblica Somala, 2 November 1963, Decree No. 287",
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    "title": "Dawan Africa, July 2026",
    "url": "https://www.dawan.africa/news/somalia-says-new-somali-shilling-project-enters-advanced-stage"
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   {
    "title": "Dawan Africa, October 2026",
    "url": "https://www.dawan.africa/news/somalias-parliament-advances-central-bank-bill-amid-debate-over-islamic-finance-and-currency"
   },
   {
    "title": "IMF, 5 October 2026",
    "url": "https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2026/10/05/pr26319-somalia-imf-staff-concludes-2026-article-iv-consultation-mission"
   },
   {
    "title": "Wikipedia, Somaliland shilling",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somaliland_shilling"
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   {
    "title": "Radio Ergo, 25 August 2026",
    "url": "https://radioergo.org/en/2026/08/somaliland-closes-black-markets-with-outcry-from-informal-local-money-changers/"
   },
   {
    "title": "GSMA",
    "url": "https://www.gsma.com/mobilefordevelopment/uncategorized/developing-a-currency-exchange-functionality-to-drive-mobile-money-usage-a-new-mobile-money-innovation-in-somaliland/"
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  ],
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  "file": "institutions/federal-budget-by-body-2025-2027.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/institutions/federal-budget-by-body-2025-2027.csv",
  "title": "Every federal government body in Somalia and its budget, 2025 to 2027",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/institutions/federal-bodies-and-budgets/",
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    "title": "Appropriation Act for 2027, as submitted to parliament",
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  "file": "institutions/humanitarian-funding-by-organisation-2024-2026.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/institutions/humanitarian-funding-by-organisation-2024-2026.csv",
  "title": "Every aid organisation funded in Somalia, 2024 to 2026: UN agencies and NGOs by money received",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/institutions/aid-organisations-funding-2024-2026/",
  "columns": [
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  "period": null,
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  "sources": [
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    "title": "OCHA FTS, Somalia",
    "url": "https://fts.unocha.org/countries/206/summary/2025"
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   {
    "title": "FTS API, flows to Somalia by organisation",
    "url": "https://api.hpc.tools/v1/public/fts/flow?countryISO3=SOM&year=2025&groupby=organization"
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  "updated": "2026-11-12"
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  "file": "institutions/members-of-parliament.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/institutions/members-of-parliament.csv",
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  "file": "institutions/office-holders.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/institutions/office-holders.csv",
  "title": "Deputy Prime Ministers of Somalia, 2005 to 2026",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/institutions/deputy-prime-ministers-of-somalia/",
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    "title": "Wikidata, position-held records",
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia, Hussein Farrah Aidid",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_Farrah_Aidid"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia, Abdihakim Mohamoud Haji-Faqi",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdihakim_Mohamoud_Haji-Faqi"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia, Hussein Arab Isse",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hussein_Arab_Isse"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia, Fawzia Yusuf H. Adam",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fawzia_Yusuf_H._Adam"
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    "title": "Wikipedia, Ridwan Hirsi Mohamed",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridwan_Hirsi_Mohamed"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia, Mohamed Omar Arte",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Omar_Arte"
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   {
    "title": "World Statesmen, Somalia",
    "url": "https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Somalia.html"
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  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
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  "file": "nature/species-recorded-in-somalia.csv",
  "url": "https://calankii.com/data/nature/species-recorded-in-somalia.csv",
  "title": "Mammals of Somalia: all 191 species on record",
  "page": "https://calankii.com/en/nature/mammals-of-somalia/",
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    "title": "GBIF occurrence search, mammals, Somalia",
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   {
    "title": "GBIF Backbone Taxonomy",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei"
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   {
    "title": "GBIF species API, IUCN Red List category",
    "url": "https://techdocs.gbif.org/en/openapi/v1/species"
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   {
    "title": "GBIF occurrence search, Somalia",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?country=SO"
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   {
    "title": "hartebeest",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220185"
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   {
    "title": "Clark's gazelle",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441128"
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    "title": "domestic goat",
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    "title": "Natal Red Duiker",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441168"
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   {
    "title": "topi",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/7261430"
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   {
    "title": "Beira",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441197"
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   {
    "title": "Thomson's gazelle",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/7261427"
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   {
    "title": "Arabian gazelle",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220158"
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   {
    "title": "Dorcas gazelle",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220149"
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   {
    "title": "Slender-horned Gazelle",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220150"
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   {
    "title": "Speke's Gazelle",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220157"
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   {
    "title": "waterbuck",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220160"
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   {
    "title": "Gerenuk",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441093"
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   {
    "title": "Gunther's dik-dik",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441003"
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   {
    "title": "Kirk's dik-dik",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441001"
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   {
    "title": "Phillips's Dik-dik",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/8622468"
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   {
    "title": "Piacentini's Dikdik",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441000"
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   {
    "title": "Salt's Dik-dik",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441002"
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   {
    "title": "Grant's gazelle",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/7261447"
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   {
    "title": "Soemmerring's gazelle",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/7261449"
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   {
    "title": "klipspringer",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441044"
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   {
    "title": "East African oryx",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5706393"
   },
   {
    "title": "gemsbok",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220166"
   },
   {
    "title": "oribi",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441135"
   },
   {
    "title": "domestic sheep",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441110"
   },
   {
    "title": "bohor reedbuck",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441038"
   },
   {
    "title": "common duiker",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441187"
   },
   {
    "title": "lesser kudu",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220177"
   },
   {
    "title": "bushbuck",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220182"
   },
   {
    "title": "greater kudu",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220183"
   },
   {
    "title": "Arabian Camel",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/9055455"
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   {
    "title": "golden jackal",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219219"
   },
   {
    "title": "African Golden Wolf",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/8702600"
   },
   {
    "title": "black-backed jackal",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219216"
   },
   {
    "title": "African wild dog",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219317"
   },
   {
    "title": "bat-eared fox",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2434349"
   },
   {
    "title": "sand fox",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219297"
   },
   {
    "title": "blue monkey",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219578"
   },
   {
    "title": "vervet monkey",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2436566"
   },
   {
    "title": "vervet monkey",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/7262034"
   },
   {
    "title": "mantled guereza",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5963045"
   },
   {
    "title": "yellow baboon",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/7262027"
   },
   {
    "title": "Hamadryas baboon",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219586"
   },
   {
    "title": "Crested Rat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219729"
   },
   {
    "title": "Speke's gundi",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2439825"
   },
   {
    "title": "short-beaked common dolphin",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/8324617"
   },
   {
    "title": "Risso's dolphin",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220027"
   },
   {
    "title": "pantropical spotted dolphin",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220050"
   },
   {
    "title": "Spinner Dolphin",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5220060"
   },
   {
    "title": "common bottlenose dolphin",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2440447"
   },
   {
    "title": "lesser Egyptian jerboa",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219895"
   },
   {
    "title": "African elephant",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2435350"
   },
   {
    "title": "African Sheath-tailed Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2433088"
   },
   {
    "title": "Mauritian Tomb Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5218741"
   },
   {
    "title": "Naked-rumped Tomb Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5218737"
   },
   {
    "title": "African wild ass",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5787168"
   },
   {
    "title": "donkey",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2440891"
   },
   {
    "title": "Grevy's zebra",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2440894"
   },
   {
    "title": "Four-toed Hedgehog",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2437140"
   },
   {
    "title": "North African Hedgehog",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2437136"
   },
   {
    "title": "cheetah",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2435270"
   },
   {
    "title": "caracal",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2435010"
   },
   {
    "title": "cat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2435035"
   },
   {
    "title": "wildcat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/7964291"
   },
   {
    "title": "lion",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219404"
   },
   {
    "title": "leopard",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219436"
   },
   {
    "title": "Senegal bushbaby",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/9198359"
   },
   {
    "title": "Brown Greater Galago",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/8978926"
   },
   {
    "title": "Garnett's Greater Galago",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2436511"
   },
   {
    "title": "Reticulated Giraffe",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/8888736"
   },
   {
    "title": "Kellen's African Dormouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219905"
   },
   {
    "title": "Lorrain Dormouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219910"
   },
   {
    "title": "marsh mongoose",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2434188"
   },
   {
    "title": "slender mongoose",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219098"
   },
   {
    "title": "Ethiopian dwarf mongoose",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2434159"
   },
   {
    "title": "common dwarf mongoose",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2434165"
   },
   {
    "title": "Egyptian mongoose",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2434255"
   },
   {
    "title": "white-tailed mongoose",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2434150"
   },
   {
    "title": "banded mongoose",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219080"
   },
   {
    "title": "hippo",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2441247"
   },
   {
    "title": "Trident leaf-nosed bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2432602"
   },
   {
    "title": "Sundevall's Roundleaf Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5218575"
   },
   {
    "title": "Noack's Roundleaf Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5218556"
   },
   {
    "title": "Commerson's Leaf-nosed Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/10810698"
   },
   {
    "title": "Striped Leaf-nosed Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/10838777"
   },
   {
    "title": "spotted hyaena",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5218781"
   },
   {
    "title": "Hyaena dubbah",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/11219111"
   },
   {
    "title": "striped hyaena",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5218777"
   },
   {
    "title": "aardwolf",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2433502"
   },
   {
    "title": "tropical bottlenose whale",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2440391"
   },
   {
    "title": "crested porcupine",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219888"
   },
   {
    "title": "cape hare",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2436736"
   },
   {
    "title": "Abyssinian Hare",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2436719"
   },
   {
    "title": "Somali elephant shrew",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2440845"
   },
   {
    "title": "Somali Elephant-shrew",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/11483515"
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   {
    "title": "Rufous elephant shrew",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2440848"
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   {
    "title": "Heart-nosed Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2433356"
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   {
    "title": "Yellow-winged Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2433354"
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   {
    "title": "African Long-fingered Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4266204"
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   {
    "title": "Greater Long-fingered Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2432507"
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   {
    "title": "Little Free-tailed Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5707216"
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   {
    "title": "Seychelles Free-tailed Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5787333"
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   {
    "title": "Angolan free-tailed bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2433075"
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   {
    "title": "Midas Free-tailed Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2433076"
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   {
    "title": "Eastern Spiny Mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4264830"
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   {
    "title": "Fiery Spiny Mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438263"
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   {
    "title": "Louise's Spiny Mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438260"
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   {
    "title": "Mullah Spiny Mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438256"
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   {
    "title": "Cape Spiny Mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438258"
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   {
    "title": "Wilson's Spiny mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438262"
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   {
    "title": "Ammodile",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438331"
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   {
    "title": "Large Japanese Field Mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219745"
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   {
    "title": "Neumann's Arvicanthis",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438917"
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   {
    "title": "African Arvicanthis",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/9733997"
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   {
    "title": "Somalian Dipodil",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4264984"
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   {
    "title": "Black-tailed Gerbil",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4264945"
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   {
    "title": "Phillip's Gerbil",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4264941"
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   {
    "title": "Fringe-tailed Gerbil",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4264947"
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   {
    "title": "Berbera Gerbil",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2437783"
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   {
    "title": "Brockman's Gerbil",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2437790"
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   {
    "title": "Dunn's Gerbil",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2437824"
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   {
    "title": "Least Gerbil",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2437822"
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   {
    "title": "Waters's Gerbil",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2437818"
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   {
    "title": "Gray-headed Grammomys",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2439203"
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   {
    "title": "Barbary Lemniscomys",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438207"
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   {
    "title": "Reddish-white Mastomys",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438912"
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   {
    "title": "Hubert's Mastomys",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4264823"
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   {
    "title": "Coucha Rat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438911"
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   {
    "title": "Somali Pygmy Gerbil",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2437725"
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   {
    "title": "Southern African Pygmy Mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438796"
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   {
    "title": "Temminck's mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438786"
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   {
    "title": "house mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/7429082"
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   {
    "title": "Delicate Mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438782"
   },
   {
    "title": "Brockman's Myomyscus",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4264892"
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   {
    "title": "black rat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2439270"
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   {
    "title": "Emin's Tateril",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2439216"
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   {
    "title": "Harrington's Gerbil",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2439218"
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   {
    "title": "Acacia Thallomys",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2437942"
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   {
    "title": "honey badger",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2433695"
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   {
    "title": "East African Pouched Mouse",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2438949"
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   {
    "title": "Hairy Slit-faced Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5218608"
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   {
    "title": "Large-eared Slit-faced Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5218609"
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   {
    "title": "Parisi's Slit-faced Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/7261939"
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   {
    "title": "Egyptian Slit-faced Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5218614"
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   {
    "title": "Wood's Slit-faced Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5218615"
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   {
    "title": "sperm whale",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/8123917"
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   {
    "title": "rock hyrax",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2437073"
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   {
    "title": "Cape hyrax",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/5219598"
   },
   {
    "title": "Ethiopian Epauletted Fruit Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/2432791"
   },
   {
    "title": "Minor Epauletted Fruit Bat",
    "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4265716"
   },
   {
    "title": "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species",
    "url": "https://www.iucnredlist.org/"
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   {
    "title": "OCHA FISS, Somalia - Settlements (COD-ST), som_settlements_2022, from the UNDP 1997 gazetteer and FAO, UNHCR, UNSOS, IOM-DTM, PRMN",
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   {
    "title": "Wikidata, items tied to Somalia, Somaliland or the Somali language, pulled 12-13 Nov 2026",
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   {
    "title": "OCHA Somalia, Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB) v03, valid 8 Jan 2025",
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    "title": "Humanitarian Data Exchange, datasets for Somalia, catalogue pulled 12 Nov 2026",
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   {
    "title": "Healthsites.io, Somalia Healthsites, from OpenStreetMap contributors (HDX)",
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   {
    "title": "Wikidata, items tied to Somalia, Somaliland or the Somali language, pulled 12-13 Nov 2026",
    "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/"
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   {
    "title": "GeoNames gazetteer, country dumps SO, DJ, ET, KE (download.geonames.org/export/dump), pulled 12 Nov 2026",
    "url": "https://www.geonames.org/"
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   {
    "title": "OCHA Somalia, Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB) v03, valid 8 Jan 2025",
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   {
    "title": "Wikidata, items tied to Somalia, Somaliland or the Somali language, pulled 12-13 Nov 2026",
    "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/"
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   {
    "title": "GeoNames gazetteer, country dumps SO, DJ, ET, KE (download.geonames.org/export/dump), pulled 12 Nov 2026",
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   {
    "title": "Wikidata, items tied to Somalia, Somaliland or the Somali language, pulled 12-13 Nov 2026",
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    "title": "Abbink, The Total Somali Clan Genealogy, 2nd edition, 2009, p. 2",
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   {
    "title": "ACLED clan actor list, September 2025",
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   {
    "title": "World Bank 2005, Appendix 2",
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   {
    "title": "EUAA Country Guidance, 2025",
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    "title": "National Bureau of Statistics",
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    "title": "World Bank",
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   {
    "title": "World Bank, SH.DYN.MORT",
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   {
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   {
    "title": "SHDS 2020, Key findings",
    "url": "https://somalia.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/FINAL%20SHDS%20Report%202020_V7_0.pdf"
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   {
    "title": "World Bank, SH.STA.MMRT",
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   {
    "title": "World Bank, SH.MED.PHYS.ZS",
    "url": "https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.MED.PHYS.ZS?locations=SO"
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   {
    "title": "Goobjoog",
    "url": "https://en.goobjoog.com/the-turkeys-president-formally-opens-digfeer-hospital"
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   {
    "title": "Wikipedia",
    "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdo%C4%9Fan_Hospital"
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   {
    "title": "Dawan",
    "url": "https://www.dawan.africa/news/turkish-somali-doctors-conduct-successful-open-heart-surgery"
   }
  ],
  "updated": "2026-11-12"
 }
]